1896
Acta Cryst. (1981). B37, 1896-1900
Structure of 1,3,5-Triehloro-2,4,6-trifluorobenzene
BY S. L. CHAPLOT,* G. J. MclNXYRE,t A. MIERZEJEWSKI:~ AND G. S. PAWLEY
Department of Physics, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road,
Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Scotland
(Received 12 February 1981; accepted 25 March 1981)
Abstract
The crystal structure of the symmetric 1,3,5-trichloro-
2,4,6-trifluorobenzene, C6CIaF a, was determined at room
temperature by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and at
4.2 K by neutron powder diffraction. The space group
is P63/m with a hexagonal primitive cell of dimensions
a = b = 8.541 (3) and c = 6.282 (2)/k [which become
a = b = 8.441 (2) and c = 6.052 (2)/k at 4.2 K], V =
397/k 3 and Z = 2. The cell contains two planar
molecules at 6 (2d) sites. The single-crystal R factor of
3.9% was reached with unconstrained refinement on
401 symmetry-independent Bragg intensities. The
structure was solved using constrained refinement on
the molecular orientation. Constrained refinement on
the thermal parameters has indicated significant inter-
nal vibrations in the molecule. The low-temperature
study showed there to be no phase transition when
the powder is cooled.
Introduction
The structure determination of sym-C6Cl3F3 was
undertaken as part of a project to study the effect of
intermolecular forces in systems comprising rigid
molecules. In this paper we present the evidence for
molecular distortion due to these forces, and show that
the internal molecular vibrations contribute signifi-
cantly to the thermal motion as evidenced through
structural studies. A detailed study of the lattice
vibrations is planned, for which a large single crystal
has been prepared suitable for inelastic coherent
neutron scattering measurements.
The similarity of the molecular shape of sym-
C6C13F 3 with that of sym-triazine suggests that the
possibility of a phase transition should not be over-
looked. Preliminary measurements by Raman scatter-
ing and also measurements reported here of powder
* On leave from Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic
Research Centre, Bombay400085, India (now returned).
~" Present address: Institute of Chemistry, Universityof Uppsala,
Box 531, $751 21, Sweden.
On leave from Department of Organic and PhysicalChemistry,
Technical University,Wroctaw, Poland (now returned).
neutron diffraction at helium temperatures, however,
give no indication of a transition. The structure found
for sym-C6ClaF3 is different from either phase of
sym-triazine (Smith & Rae, 1978), although there are
close similarities with the upper phase of sym-triazine in
that some of the trigonal molecular symmetry is
retained in the crystal structure.
Experimental
A commercial sample of C6C13Fa was first purified by
zone refining. Since the solid, which melts at about 330
K, sublimes very quickly in open conditions, it was
necessary to grow a crystal for the X-ray diffraction in
confined cofiditions. The crystal was grown in a thin
Lindemann-glass capillary tube of 0.5 mm diameter.
The tube containing the sample was slowly moved
through a small loop of heating wire in which the
heating current was adjusted so as to melt a very small
length of samp!e in the tube. When a long crystal was
obtained of sufficient quality as could be judged with
a polarizing microscope, material was allowed to
sublime from both ends until a suitable small length of
about 0.5 mm remained. The capillary tube and the
heating loop were enclosed in a small transparent cover
to reduce air convection currents and also to slow the
sublimation process. The tube was actually mounted on
a moving arm which facilitated the slow movement of
the tube through the fixed heating loop. The tube
containing the finished sample was sealed at both ends,
but some material was left in the tube at a safe distance
from the crystal. In the course of the experiment the
trapped residue of material sublimed through imperfec-
tions in the seals, and in this way gave protection to the
sample proper.
The measurements of Bragg intensities were made on
an Enraf-Nonius CAD-4 four-circle X-ray diffractom-
eter in the oy--20 mode. Mo Ka radiation was used with
a graphite (002) monochromator. The primitive-cell
dimensions were refined from measurements on 25
independent Bragg reflections. Then nearly 4000
reflections were measured in three zones of reciprocal
space. The measurements of individual intensities were
so timed that they all had about the same estimated
0567-7408/81/101896-05501.00 © 1981 InternationalUnion of Crystallography