Journal of Finance and Economics, 2017, Vol. 5, No. 6, 300-309
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/jfe/5/6/6
©Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/jfe-5-6-6
Yield Curve Estimation: An Empirical Evidence from
the Tunisian Bond Market
Aziz Chouikh
1,*
, Rania Yousfi
2
, Chehir Chehibi
3
1
Department of Finance, Assistant Professor of Finance at the Mediterranean School of Business, South Mediterranean University,
Tunis, Tunisia, and Assistant Professor of Finance at FSJEG, University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
2
Department of Finance, the Mediterranean School of Business, South Mediterranean University, Tunis, Tunisia
3
Department of Finance, Lecturer at the Mediterranean School of Business, South Mediterranean University, Tunis, Tunisia
*Corresponding author: aziz.chouick@msb.tn;azizchouikh@gmail.com
Abstract Our paper aims to model the yield curve that corresponds to a graphical representation of the yields
offered by the bonds of the same issuer according to their maturity, from the shortest to the longest expiration date in
the Tunisian bond market (TBM). To get to our objective, we will compare the Nelson-Siegel modeling strategy,
which is most often used for the analysis and the hedging of the interest rate risk of portfolios with known flows in
practice, to the Svensson modeling strategy, which is the extension of the Nelson-Siegel model. Our sampling data
statistically support the evidence that the more appropriate yield curve for the TBM is that estimated by the Nelson-
Siegel model.
Keywords: Yield-curve, Nelson-Siegel-Svensson model, Spline, Yield-to-maturity, interest rate
Cite This Article: Aziz Chouikh, Rania Yousfi, and Chehir Chehibi, “Yield Curve Estimation: An Empirical
Evidence from the Tunisian Bond Market.” Journal of Finance and Economics, vol. 5, no. 6 (2017): 300-309.
doi: 10.12691/jfe-5-6-6.
1. Introduction
Our paper aims to better understand the behavior of the
yield curve in order to be able to create a more efficient
and reliable one. Our yield curve will be essentially based
on the Nelson Siegel and the Svensson models since those
are widely used amongst the financial institutions and
adapted to less liquid and less developed markets similar
to the Tunisian bond market (TBM).
The Nelson-Siegel and Svensson models are
zero-coupon parametric models with the advantage of
taking into account the different deformations of the yield
curves, to allow a dynamic analysis of the market with
time-varying parameters that are estimated from market
data, and represent the curve by a smooth surface.
With the aim of facilitating for investors the access and
consultation of all monetary-rate and bond-rate curves
currently broadcast in Tunisia, Tunisie Clearing (TC)
1
has
launched an information centralization initiative on its
website. In March 2016, TC started publishing a yield
curve for treasury bills inspired by the practices of
different markets around the world.
While working with the available information on TC
website, a gap has appeared. The data used to make the
yield curve reflect the whole market for intra primary
dealer operations and all the operations that are out of the
market which leads us to think that TC yield curves may
1
Tunisie Clearing is a Central Depository for Securities and a Manager
of the Securities Settlement System, daily displays the zero-coupon curve.
be biased, so it is mandatory to point out a yield curve
which is more reliable and efficient.
To do so, we will estimate the yield curve via Nelson-
Siegel and Svensson models. Then we will compare them
to TC’s yield curve, and we will choose the best one as a
benchmark for the TBM.
The remainder of our paper is organized as follows.
Section 2 deals with the literature review. Section 3 points
out the yield curve modeling framework. Section 4 copes
with the empirical methodology. In section 5, we run the
yield curve estimations. Section 6 exhibits results and
findings. Finally, in section 7, we conclude.
2. Literature Review
The term interest rate structure (or yield curve) is the
function that, combines on a given date, the level of the
associated interest rate for each maturity. According to
Gbongue & Frederic Planchet [1], there are two families
of yield curves, market curves and implied curves:
Market curves are constructed directly from the market
quotations. It is about the swap curve and yield curve of
government bonds. Implied curves are constructed indirectly
from the market quotations for instruments such as bonds
and swaps (zero-coupon (ZC) yield curve, forward yield curve,
instant forward yield curve and finally yield curve at par).
The literature provides two methods to construct a ZC
curve; the bond pricing approaches and approaches to
yields. An abundant literature exists on the methods of
construction of the yield curve. They can be grouped into
two main groups: those using parametric methods and