Research Article Prevalence, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Factors of Urinary Tract Infections among Adult Diabetic PatientsatMetuKarlHeinzReferralHospital,SouthwestEthiopia Tesfaye Gutema , 1 Fitsum Weldegebreal , 2 Dadi Marami , 2 and Zelalem Teklemariam 2 1 Medical Microbiology Unit, Metu Karl Heinz Referral Hospital, Metu, Ethiopia 2 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia Correspondence should be addressed to Tesfaye Gutema; 0917717390t@gmail.com Received 28 July 2018; Accepted 3 September 2018; Published 1 November 2018 Academic Editor: Giuseppe Comi Copyright © 2018 Tesfaye Gutema et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Urinary tract infection causes considerable morbidity in diabetic patients and if complicated, can cause severe renal damage and life- threatening infections. e escalating antimicrobial resistance rate among bacteria over the past years is another concern in the treatment of urinary tract infections. is study investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates and associated factors of urinary tract infection among adult diabetic patients attending Metu Karl Heinz Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 233 adult diabetic patients selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Clean-catch midstream urine samples were investigated for the presence of pathogenic bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern using recommended culture methods. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences version 21.0. Statistical significance was set at a p-value < 0.05. e prevalence of urinary tract infection was 16.7% (95%, CI:12.0, 21.5). e predominant isolates were Escherichia coli (25.6%) and Klebsiella spp. (20.5%). E. coli isolates showed higher sensitivity to ceftriaxone (80%), ciprofloxacin (70%), and gentamycin (70%), but resistant to tetracycline (60%). Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (85.7%), and gentamycin (57.1%), while resistant to tetracycline (85.7%), nitrofurantoin (85.7%), and ampicillin (71.4%). e odds of developing urinary tract infections were significantly higher in diabetic females (AOR: 3.56, 95% CI:1.44, 8.76), those who were not able to read and write (AOR: 2.55, 95% CI:1.19, 5.49) and those with a history of urinary tract infection (AOR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.09, 4.90) compared with their counterparts. In this study, the prevalence of urinary tract infection among diabetic patients was relatively comparable with the previous studies conducted in Ethiopia. Management of urinary tract infection in diabetic patients should be supported with culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 1. Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both [1]. DM has become a serious public health threat in both developed and developing countries, affecting more than 366 mil- lion people, and the number is expected to rise to 552 million by 2030 [2]. International Diabetes Federation estimated that 10.8 million people have DM in sub- Saharan Africa in 2006, and this would rise to 18.7 million by 2025 [3]. Diabetes mellitus has long been considered to be a predisposing factor for urinary tract infection (UTI) be- cause of sugar in urine, which serves as media for growth of bacteria [4, 5]. e colonized urinary tract can also accelerate the prolonged release of bacteria with an increased risk of complications of the urinary system, ranging from dysuria (pain or burning sensation during urination) to the organ damage and sometimes even death [6, 7]. e most common bacteria associated with UTI in diabetics are Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, En- terococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and coagulase- negative staphylococci (CoNS) [7, 8]. Hindawi International Journal of Microbiology Volume 2018, Article ID 7591259, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7591259