45 Copyright © 2021, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Chapter 3 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-4915-5.ch003 ABSTRACT This chapter has the objective to analyze the urban ecology, the biological diversity or biodiversity, and their adaptive cycle as the fundamentals of green economic growth. The analysis begins questioning the implications that some assumptions of urban ecology and biodiversity, such as the socio-ecosystems, resilience, ecosystem services, and adaptive cycle have on the creation of green economic growth. A series of diferent dimensions of resilience are proposed as subsystems that contribute to the general resilience of a system. The method used is the analytical based on a review of the conceptual and theoretical lit- erature. This analysis concludes that the connectivity of processes and functions of urban ecology and biodiversity are relevant to the creation of green economic growth in terms of green economic value. INTRODUCTION Cities are complex ecological systems dominated by humans (Alberti, 2006). Although human manipu- lations of nature make cities foundamentally different from other types of natural ecosystems, the city can be considered as an ecosystem open to entry of energy, for consumption and waste generation. For this reason, we can speak about Urban Metabolism, similar to what we do for living organisms (Ken- nedy, 2011). Expanding the ecological knowledge of urban regions could facilitate greater integration of nature, representing an investment opportunity and at the same time improving the quality of life of the popula- tion. High urban biodiversity can be able to provide many services, including cooling the urban area, reducing urban flood risk, filtering pollutants, supplying food, and providing accessible recreation. To Green Economic Growth Based on Urban Ecology and Biodiversity José G. Vargas-Hernández https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0938-4197 University Center for Economic and Managerial Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Mexico