Adolescent Naturalistic Conceptions of
Moral Maturity
Sam A. Hardy, Brigham Young University, Lawrence J. Walker,
University of British Columbia, Joseph A. Olsen, Jonathan E. Skalski,
and Jason C. Basinger, Brigham Young University
Abstract
Understanding lay conceptions of morality is important not only because they can
guide moral psychology theory but also because they may play a role in everyday
moral functioning. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine adolescent concep-
tions of moral maturity. Study 1 (200 adolescents 12–18 years) involved a free-listing
procedure to generate traits descriptive of a moral person. In Study 2, involving 100
early (11–14 years) and 99 late (15–18 years) adolescents, the moral person traits
obtained in the first study were rated in terms of how well they described a moral
person. Study 3, with 234 early (10–14 years) and 240 late (15–18 years) adolescents,
entailed a similarity-sorting task and a rating procedure similar to that from Study 2.
This set of studies uncovered early and late adolescents’ implicit typologies of moral
maturity and pointed to possible age similarities and differences.
Keywords: moral development; morality; moral personality; adolescence
Introduction
Moral psychology has failed to accord sufficient attention and credence to people’s
ordinary understandings of the domain. Yet such naturalistic conceptions of morality
may play a role in everyday moral life and may help guide work on morality.
Although our understanding of adult naturalistic conceptions of morality is growing
(Lapsley & Lasky, 2001; Smith, Türk Smith, & Christopher, 2007; Walker & Pitts,
1998), we still know little about how such conceptions develop and how they function
in adolescence. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to shed light on adolescent
conceptions of moral maturity and to examine possible age and gender differences in
such conceptions.
Moral Person Prototypes (Naturalistic Conceptions of Moral Maturity)
Building on social-cognitive theory, recent movements in moral psychology argue that
schemas may be at the heart of morality (Lapsley & Narvaez, 2004). One type of
schema is a prototype, such as an individual’s mental image of what it means to be a
Correspondence should be addressed to Sam A. Hardy, Department of Psychology, Brigham Young
University, Provo, UT 84602, USA. Email: sam_hardy@byu.edu
doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9507.2010.00590.x
© Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2011. Published by Blackwell Publishing, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street,
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