Journal of. Modern Trends in Physics Research Online ISSN 2636-4220 DOI: 10.19138/mtpr/(19)62-68 Accepted: 2019-10-29 – Published Online: 2019-11-01 Lotfia El Nadi, Maha K. Omar, Mohammed Fikry (2019). Design and Evaluation of Flat Solar Concentrator, J. Modern Trends in Phys. R., Vol. 19 (MTPR-18) pp. 62-68 https://doi.org/10.19138/mtpr/(19)62-68 62 Design and Evaluation of Flat Solar Concentrator Lotfia El Nadi 1 , Maha K. Omar 2 , Mohammed Fikry 1 1 Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamaa Street, Giza, Egypt, 12613. 2 Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Medical Campus, El Geish Street, Tanta, El Gharbia, Egypt. Correspondence Author – Lotfia El Nadi (mtprlotfia@gmail.com). Abstract- Flat solar concentrators are designed to focus solar radiation in a linear shape. The concentrator is designed to be the primary step in a sequence of steps that eventually generate solar laser. The focused beam from the concentrator output is used to optically pump a lasing medium (iodine medium) which is compressed in a one meter long and 8 mm diameter quartz tube. The design used here is formed of two flat mirrors with the availability of changing the angel between them. The two mirrors are displaced to create a gap between the two mirrors at the line of their intersection. This research was dedicated to focus down the highest intensity of solar radiation so that the optimal operating conditions of the concentrator are achieved. Multiple parameters were changed, and their effects were simulated theoretically. The highest solar photon concentration was established at the bottom line connecting the two mirrors. In this respect, a movable semiconductor spectrometer was applied to study both the focused radiation spectrum and intensity. Keywords- Solar Laser; Flat Concentrator; Solar Radiation collection. 1. LITERATURE SURVEY Solar energy plays an important role as a reliable source of renewable energy. The abundance of such source makes it a very convenient source of energy to solve the energy crisis around the world. Egypt is advantageous with high solar energy flux throughout the calendar year. As a result of its location in the ”sun belt” region, the sun shines 9 -11 hours a day with 2000 to 3000 KWh/m 2 /year of direct solar radiation [1].The main question so far has been ”how to efficiently convert solar energy into other types of conveniently transferable models of energy?”. The challenge here can be divided into two main parts. Part (I) is the fact that solar energy covers a vast range of the electromagnetic spectrum. As an approximation, solar energy spectrum’s peak is in the visible light with a little extinction in the ultraviolet and infrared ranges. Figure 1 shows a typical solar spectrum obtained outside of the lab. Part (II) is to transfer this type of energy over wide distances with minimal degradation. By efficiently collecting solar energy. It can be used as a daily alternative to energy sources currently in use. Most of the techniques studied so far has focused on transferring the solar energy into electricity by creating electron- hole pairs in a photovolatic cell. Though this technique proved efficient in producing electricity, the waste of solar spectrum is relatively large. Also, thermal effects create complications to the system. Transferring the solar energy using photons rather than charge carriers seems as a wise alternative. Photon energy transfer especially if they are in the form of laser beam is believed to dramatically improve the system efficiency. Fig. 1. The graph shows the spectrum for the lamp used in evaluating the design (solar simulator) against the solar spectrum (obtained outside of the lab). There are couple spectrum lines in the source spectrum. The data from those lines was compared to eliminate any cavity (resonance) effects.