Surgical Science, 2011, 2, 242-245
doi:10.4236/ss.2011.25053 Published Online July 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/ss)
Copyright © 2011 SciRes. SS
Gastric Bezoar after Vertical Banded Gastroplasty: A Case
Report and Review of the Literature
Abdul S. Bangura, Stelin Johnson, Karen E. Gibbs
Division of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, Staten Island University Hospital,
Staten Island, New York, USA
E-mail: kgibbs@siuh.edu
Received February 18, 2011; revised April 25, 2011; accepted May 27, 2011
Abstract
Gastric bezoars are uncommon in the bariatric surgery population. Though popular in earlier decades, the
Vertical Banded Gastroplasty (VBG) is no longer a staple procedure in the United States. It has been sup-
planted by the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) and the laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) as
the most commonly performed bariatric procedures. However, there are many patients who have previously
undergone VBGs, and may present with associated complications. We present a case of a gastric obstruction
caused by a bezoar in a patient who had a VBG fifteen years prior to presentation.
Keywords: Vertical Banded Gastroplasty, Bariatric Surgery, Bezoar, Obstruction
1. Introduction
The VBG pioneered by Mason at the University of Iowa,
in the 1970’s was one of the most performed bariatric
operations in the 1980’s and early 1990’s [1]. It is a
purely restrictive procedure. Currently, it is less com-
monly performed in the United States as more effective
procedures have replaced it. Even so, the present day
bariatric surgeon must be aware of the VBG procedure
and the potential complications. The VBG features a
pouch based on the lesser curvature of the stomach and a
polypropelene mesh or silastic ring around the outlet of
the pouch. The combination of a small pouch and its
outlet restricted by the band leads to weight loss. How-
ever, this restriction may theoretically put the patient at
increased risk of bezoar formation and resultant pouch
outlet obstruction. Nonetheless, gastric bezoar following
VGB is very uncommon, with few reported cases in the
literature [3,4]. We present the diagnostic workup and
management of a patient who developed a gastric bezoar
fifteen years after a VBG.
2. Case Report
A 59-year-old female with a history of morbid obesity
(315 lbs, BMI 49.3) hypertension and diabetes mellitus,
underwent an open VBG in 1995. She reported a total
weight loss of approximately 100 lbs after the procedure,
but had regained some weight over the years. At the time
of presentation she weighed 225 lbs (BMI 35.2). She
presented with a five day history of epigastric pain and
intermittent, post prandial nausea and vomiting. Physical
exam was significant for mild epigastric tenderness, with
normal vital signs. Laboratory studies were normal on
presentation. An abdominal CT scan suggested a partial
gastric outlet obstruction with dilatation of the distal
esophagus and proximal stomach with collapse of the
distal segment (Figure 1). Endoscopic evaluation dem-
onstrated a narrow gastric outlet with mild gastritis and
an impacted phytobezoar (Figure 2). The bezoar was
successfully removed with a basket. The patient had an
uneventful post-procedure course and was subsequently
discharged with resolution of her acute symptoms. Of
note, the patient did report a history of difficulty with
certain foods which, over time, she had learned to avoid.
Figure 1. CT showing filling defect at level of pouch outlet.