proceedings of the
american mathematical society
Volume 118, Number 4, August 1993
CHAIN TRANSITIVITY AND ROTATION SHADOWING
FOR ANNULUS HOMEOMORPHISMS
FERNANDA BOTELHO AND LIANG CHEN
(Communicated by Charles Pugh)
Abstract. We present a relation between the rotation of chain transitive sets
and the rotation shadowing for annulus homeomorphisms isotopic to identity.
1. Introduction
The concept of rotation shadowing was introduced by Barge and Swanson
in [BS]. They conjectured that the rotation shadowing property is generic for
degree one annulus homeomorphisms. Roughly, rotation shadowing means that
for small 8 > 0 the rotation averages along a f5-pseudo-orbit can be uniformly
approximated by the rotation averages along a true orbit; see §2 for the precise
definition. In practice, rotation shadowing reveals whether computer calcula-
tions of rotation numbers are accurate.
In this paper we study the relationship between rotation shadowing and ro-
tations of chain transitive sets for annulus homeomorphisms. Our main result
is the following
Theorem. Suppose A is a compact annulus and /: A —> A is a homeomorphism
isotopic to identity. The rotation number is well defined on every chain transitive
set in A if and only if f has the rotation shadowing property and each point of
A has a well-defined rotation number.
If the rotation set of an annulus homeomorphism is nowhere dense, [Sw]
proves that the rotation number is well defined and varies continuously over
chain recurrent sets in A. In such a case, the results of [Fr, Ha] show that the
rotation number is also well defined on every chain transitive set (see [BC]).
Consequently, the theorem implies that, under the same assumption, the annu-
lus homeomorphism has the rotation shadowing property.
2. Definitions
Let d be the Euclidean metric in a compact annulus A, A = R x [0, 1 ] be
the universal covering space of A, and p be the standard covering map. If /
Received by the editors December 27, 1991.
1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 34C35; Secondary 54H20.
Key words and phrases. Chain transitivity, shadowing, pseudo-orbit, rotation set, annulus homeo-
morphisms.
©1993 American Mathematical Society
0002-9939/93 $1.00+ $.25 per page
1173
License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see http://www.ams.org/journal-terms-of-use