Sah et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2019; 9(1):202-206 ISSN: 2250-1177 [202] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO Available online on 15.01.2019 at http://jddtonline.info Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research © 2011-18, publisher and licensee JDDT, This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited Open Access Research Article Occurrence of anemia among the people of Gurugram, Haryana: a cross sectional study Ashok Kumar Sah * and Rajesh Prasad Jayaswal Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, India ABSTRACT Anemia is considered a condition, not a disease in which numbers of red blood cells (RBCs) are insufficient to meet the body’s metabolical and physiological needs for oxygen. Anemia may also develop due to nutritional deficiencies such as iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, and vitamin A; moderate and severe inflammation; parasitic infestation; and acquired or inherited disorders that affect hemoglobin synthesis, red blood cell development or red blood cell endurance. This proposed work depicts the distribution of different morphological types of anemia on people of Gurugram, Haryana. All the samples were analyzed for CBC and peripheral blood smear by using Sysmax (three parts) hematology analyzer and microscopy. In the present study, 300 patients in 6 months study period were included to diagnose anemia. Only 166 cases were positive. Out of 166 cases, 85 (51.2%) were female and 81 (48.8%) were male. The highest number of participants showed RBCs count in the range of 4.5-5.5 million/mm 3 , 24 (14.5%) with P value 0.000. Most of the cases that we revealed were having hypochromic red cells along with morphological variation in RBCs which may be due to iron deficiency. The further confirmatory analysis may be required in order to know the detail classification of anemia. Keywords: Anemia, Hemoglobin, Iron Deficiency, Hypochromic, Red Blood Cells Article Info: Received 28 Nov 2018; Review Completed 06 Jan 2019; Accepted 09 Jan 2019; Available online 15 Jan 2019 Cite this article as: Sah AK, Jayaswal RP, Occurrence of anemia among the people of Gurugram, Haryana: a cross sectional study, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2019; 9(1):202-206 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1.2288 *Address for Correspondence: Ashok Kumar Sah, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, India. INTRODUCTION Anemia is a global health issues affecting both male and female of all age groups. In such condition, the body is incapable to meet the need for oxygen through the limited number of red cells. This need varies individual to individual due to variation in gender, age, environment (altitude), smoking habits, and also during different stages of pregnancy. Iron deficiency is thought to be the most common cause of anemia globally. In addition, anemia may also develop due to other nutritional deficiencies such as vitamin B12, folic acid, and vitamin A; moderate and severe inflammation; parasitic infestation; and acquired or inherited disorders that affect hemoglobin synthesis, red blood cell development or red blood cell endurance. Anemia is a condition, not a disease, but it is the reflection of underlying diseases and from the treatment point of view, it is essential to identify the etiology of anemia. The definition of anemia is as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the decreased percentage of hemoglobin in the blood 1 . It can also be termed as a reduction of more than 10% of the normal value of a total number of red blood cells, the amount of circulating hemoglobin and RBC mass of a particular individual 2 . Formally anemia is said to be decreasing in RBC, hemoglobin, and hematocrit below the previously established normal values for healthy persons of the same age, gender, and race and under similar environmental conditions. Its diagnosis is made from the signs and symptoms, physical examination, history, hemoglobin level and other procedures and findings 3 . According to WHO, anemia is defined as if hemoglobin level less than 11 g/dl for children below six years and less than 12 g/dl for children more than six years of age and a report shows that 52.0% of pregnancies and around 35.0 to 40.0% of women are anemic in developing countries due to iron deficiency 4-6 . The situation in Nepal is more severe where 36.0% cases have been recorded in age group of 15 to 49 in which 42.0% pregnant and 40.0% lactating women have been reported as anemic 7 . A few studies carried out among adolescent girls in Nepal reported that prevalence ranges from 42 to 60.0% 8, 9 . Morphologically anemia can be classified as microcytic hypochromic anemia which characteristically shows reduced MCV (mean corpuscular volume) values (<80fl) as well as reduced MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) values (30gm/dl), normocytic normochromic which has normal MCV (82-100 fl) values, macrocytic hypochromic anemia which shows characteristic increased MCV values (>100fl) and normal MCHC. The etiological method of classification involves anemias due to impaired