Pharmacology Biochemistry & Behavior, Vol. 7, pp. 401-403. Copyright © 1977 by ANKHO International Inc.
All rights of reproduction in any form reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.
BRIEF COMMUNICATION
Effects of Feeding Regimen on Ethanol Intake by Guinea Pigs'
ALAN POLING, CATHLEEN URBAIN AND TRAVIS THOMPSON
Psychiatry Research Unit, University of Minnesota, Box 392 Mayo Memorial Building
Minneapolis, MT 55455
(Received 29 August 1977)
POLING, A., C. URBAIN AND T. THOMPSON. Effects of feeding regimen on ethanol intake by guinea pigs. PHARMAC.
BIOCHEM. BEHAV. 7(4) 401-403, 1977. - During daily two-hr sessions, guinea pigs licked a drinking tube filled with
either 0 (tap water), 2, 4 or 8% (v/v) ethanol solution under three feeding regimens. Consumption of each solution was
highest when sufficient food to maintain subjects at 90% of free-feeding weight was provided during sessions, lower when
the same food ration was provided after sessions, and lowest when ad lib access to food was provided within and between
sessions. However, this decrease in consumption across feeding regimens was inversely related to ethanol concentration.
Under all feeding regimens, volume of solution consumed decreased with increasing ethanol concentration while milligrams
ethanol consumed increased with ethanol concentration. These results are similar in some respects to previous findings with
rats and monkeys, suggesting that further studies of oral ethanol self-administration by guinea pigs may be merited.
Guinea pigs Ethanol Feeding regimen Self-administration
THE INTERACTION between food deprivation, food
presentation, and liquid intake is complex and apparently
differs across species [3, 11, 19]. Schedule-induced poly-
dipsia, the persistant drinking that occurs when food-depriv-
ed animals intermittently receive dry food in small quantities,
has been explored in rats [6, 7, 8, 12, 22], monkeys [17],
and pigeons [18]. The effects of substituting ethanol
solutions for water during schedule-induced drinking by
rats have been examined [10,14]. Typically, volume of
solution consumed decreases with increasing ethanol con-
centration while milligrams ethanol consumed varies direct-
ly with concentration. Following schedule-induced poly-
dipsia, ethanol may serve as a reinforcer for rats tested in
the absence of food (e.g. [ 7,11 ] ).
When guinea pigs are food deprived, water intake may
increase markedly [4]. The effects of introducing ethanol
solutions during such hunger-induced drinking have not
been examined. The present study determined intake of
ethanol solutions of 0 (tap water), 2, 4 and 8% (v/v)
concentration by food-deprived guinea pigs tested in the
presence and absence of food. Consumption of each
solution by guinea pigs given ad lib access to food was also
examined.
METHOD
Animals
Three adult male Hartley-derived guinea pigs were
individually housed in a constantly-illuminated room with
an ambient temperature of 24°C. Water was constantly
available in home cages.
Apparatus
Three sound-attenuated Gerbrands operant conditioning
chambers were modified by the addition of a drinking tube
and a food cup to one side wall. The drinking tube was
mounted 5 cm above the chamber floor and protruded
2.5 cm from the wall. The food cup was mounted 2.5 cm
from the chamber floor immediately to the left of the
drinking tube. A 25-W white house light provided ambient
illumination. Electromechanical programming and recor-
ding equipment was located in an adjacent room.
Ethanol solutions (v/v) were prepared using 95% ethanol
in tap water. Solutions were prepared at least 12 hr before
use and stored in sealed flasks at room temperature.
Pro ced u re
Sixteen two-hr sessions were run under each of three
feeding regimens. In Sessions 1 through 16, a portion of
Purina guinea pig chow sufficient to maintain each animal
at 90% of free feeding weight was presented in the
experimental chamber. Any food not consumed within the
session was returned with the animal to the home cage. In
Sessions 17 through 32, the same amount of chow was
The senior author is a predoctoral trainee under Psychopharmacology Training Grant USPHS MH-08565, which supported the research.
Editorial comments of J. E. Henningfield on an earlier version of the manuscript are gratefully acknowledged.
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