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Chapter 6
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0937-0.ch006
ABSTRACT
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are the systems that store location based data and analyze
them. In this study, GIS is defned and its importance and functions are described. Usage of GIS in
marketing area is explained in details and fnally number of academic publications about GIS in general
and in marketing literature for decades are analyzed through fve diferent and some of the mostly used
databases in social sciences, which are Ebsco, ProQuest, Sage, Springer and Science Direct. Since the
importance and usage of GIS in marketing applications and literature increases, however its ratio in
total GIS literature is not sufcient yet.
INTRODUCTION
Information that is required in marketing activities is gathered through some tools and geographic infor-
mation systems are one of them. Its usage raises as its importance are realized in marketing activities. By
means of geographic information system (GIS), collecting tremendous data, storing them in database,
updating when required, analyzing, drawing visible maps based on analyses, accessing the necessary
information obtained as a result of analyses are possible. A GIS is essentially a digital map linked to a
database management system which can be used for the purposes of displaying and querying information,
carrying out spatial analysis and assisting in the decision making process. Although GIS’s emergence
is not so old, its usage spreads rapidly in many different areas such as geography, criminology, archeol-
ogy, education, tourism, management and marketing. With combination of geography and marketing
disciplines result in emergence of a study area which is called geomarketing. Geomarketing is a recent
discipline that combines the geographic visualization and analysis with marketing techniques, aiming
at more efficiently attaining the ultimate goal of organizations. Important marketing activities such as
segmentation, positioning and research can be performed more effectively through geomarketing. These
Geographic Information
Systems and Its Applications
in Marketing Literature
Dursun Yener
Istanbul Medeniyet University, Turkey