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https://doi.org/10.3102/0091732X20907362
Review of Research in Education
March 2020, Vol. 44, pp. 97–129
DOI: 10.3102/0091732X20907362
Chapter reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions
© 2020 AERA. http://rre.aera.net
Chapter 4
Geospatial Analysis: A New Window Into Educational
Equity, Access, and Opportunity
CASEY D. COBB
University of Connecticut
A robust body of geographic education policy research has been amassing over the past
25 years, as researchers from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds have recognized the
value of examining education phenomena from a spatial perspective. In this chapter, I
synthesize 42 studies that examine education issues using a geographic information system,
or GIS. The review is framed by the major thread that runs through this body of research:
educational equity, access, and opportunity. I summarize the research within seven theme-
based research topics and offer examples of geospatial analysis as applied to education. The
chapter includes a discussion of the major barriers and limitation facing GIS researchers
and offers thoughts about the future.
A
robust body of “geographic” education policy research has been amassing over
the past 25 years. Researchers from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds have
persistently highlighted the value of examining education phenomena from a spa-
tial perspective (Bruno, 1996; Cobb, 2003; Gulson & Symes, 2007; Holloway
et al., 2010; Kelly, 2019; Lubienski & Dougherty, 2009; Misra et al., 2012; Tate,
2008; Taylor, 2007). Advances in software packages have undoubtedly contributed
to the field’s emergence—namely, the growing use of “geographic information sys-
tems,” or GIS.
In this chapter, I review over two decades of education policy research that ana-
lyzes data using a GIS. The vast majority of geospatial studies in education directly
examine issues of educational equity, access, or opportunity. I summarize the research
within theme-based research topics, expound on the geospatial questions that drive
this research, and offer examples of geospatial analysis as applied to education.
907362RRE XX X 10.3102/0091732X20907362Review of Research in EducationCobb: Spatial Equity
research-article 2020