Clinical Study Combination Therapy with 1% Nanocurcumin Gel and 0.1% Triamcinolone Acetonide Mouth Rinse for Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial Mahin Bakhshi , 1 Shahzad Gholami, 1 Arash Mahboubi, 2 Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, 3 and Mahshid Namdari 4,5 1 Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Food Safety Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 4 Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 5 Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Mahin Bakhshi; mahinbakhshi@yahoo.com Received 15 March 2020; Revised 24 April 2020; Accepted 5 May 2020; Published 20 May 2020 Academic Editor: E. Helen Kemp Copyright©2020MahinBakhshietal.isisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objectives.isstudyaimedtoevaluatetheefficacyofacombinationof1%nanocurcumingelwith0.1%triamcinoloneacetonide mouthrinsefororallichenplanus(OLP). MaterialsandMethods.isdouble-blindrandomizedclinicaltrialwasconductedon31 patients with erosive or ulcerative OLP. All patients received 0.1% triamcinolone mouth rinse and were then randomly divided intotwogroupsforcombinationtherapywith(I)%1nanocurcumingelor(II)placebogel.ereticular-erosive-ulcerative(REU) score was calculated at baseline and at two and four weeks after the intervention. e changes in the mean REU score and the efficacy index were calculated to determine the level of improvement after two and four weeks. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, repeated measures ANCOVA, Mann–Whitney test, and chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. ere were 14 patients in the nanocurcumin and 17 patients in the placebo group. A significantly higher decrease in the mean REU score was observed in the nanocurcumin compared with the placebo group (P < 0.001). e efficacy index was significantly higher in the nanocurcumin group (P < 0.001). Conclusion. Application of 1% nanocurcumin in combinationwith0.1%triamcinoloneacetonidecanserveasaneffectivetreatmentstrategytoenhancethelevelofimprovement of lesions compared with the use of triamcinolone acetonide alone. 1. Introduction Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous disorder with an unknown etiology [1–4]. It occurs as a result of an immunological cytotoxic reaction against ker- atinocytes, causing vacuolar degeneration of basal cells [5]. e clinical manifestation of OLP includes a white patch with red components in reticular, papular, plaque-like, vesicular,erythematous,erosive,orulcerativeforms[4].e diagnosis and treatment of erosive, atrophic, and ulcerative typesareclinicallyimportantduetohavingsymptomssuch as burning sensation and pain as well as the potential for malignant transformation [6]. Treatment of OLP aims to decreaseerythema,resolvethemucosalulcers,anddecrease the disease symptoms during the course of activation and prolong the remission period. Corticosteroids are the basis of treatment of symptomatic OLP [4]. However, due to the chronic nature of the disease, it requires long-term corti- costeroid therapy, which can have numerous complications and side effects such as candidiasis, burning sensation, and badtasteinthemouth,mucosalatrophy,nausea,sorethroat, and xerostomia. Also, long-term systemic corticosteroid therapy may even cause adrenal insufficiency [4]. Triam- cinolone acetonide is a moderate-to-strong corticosteroid Hindawi Dermatology Research and Practice Volume 2020, Article ID 4298193, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4298193