Syntactic Doubling and the Encoding of Voice in
Eastern Abruzzese
1
Theresa Biberauer and Roberta D’Alessandro
Cambridge University
1. Introduction
Eastern Abruzzese (EA), a southern Italian dialect spoken in Central Italy, exhibits an auxiliary-
selection pattern that commonly surfaces in Central and Southern varieties of Italian: as illustrated in
(1), it is person- rather than argument structure-driven:
2
(1) a. So viste b. Si viste c. A viste
am-1S seen are-2S seen have-3 seen
‘I have seen’ ‘You (s) have seen’ ‘He/she/it has seen’
d. Seme viste e. Sete viste f. A viste
3
are-1P seen are-2P seen have-3 seen
‘We have seen’ ‘You have seen’ ‘They have seen’
As (1) shows, 1
st
and 2
nd
person subjects in EA select be, while 3
rd
person selects have (cf. Rohlfs
1968, Giammarco 1979, D’Alessandro & Ledgeway 2006 and D’Alessandro & Roberts 2006 for
further discussion). One question that arises in the context of this type of auxiliary-selection system is
how passive meanings such as ‘I am seen’ and ‘you are seen’ are to be expressed: as the glosses
associated with (1a, b, d, e) reveal, the perfect active in the 1
st
and 2
nd
person would seem to involve
precisely the auxiliary+participle combination one might expect to realize the passive. Compare
Standard Italian (2) in this regard:
(2) a. Sono visto b. Sei visto c. Siamo visti d. Siete visti
am-1S seen are-2S seen are-1P seen are-2P seen
‘I am seen’ ‘You (s) are seen’ ‘We are seen’ ‘You are seen’
Investigation of EA active/passive alternations reveals a peculiar system which draws on a highly
unusual disambiguation mechanism: as shown in (3), the active/passive distinction in this variety is
signaled by means of Raddoppiamento fonosintattico (RF), a sandhi phenomenon involving the
gemination of initial consonants (cf. Rohlfs 1966, Nespor 1993, Loporcaro 1997):
(3) a. ACTIVE: So viste Si viste
am-1S seen are-2S seen
‘I have seen’ ‘You (s) have seen’
1
This work is partially supported by an EU Marie Curie award No. 006833 (“Abruzzese Syntax”) under
Framework 6 to D’Alessandro and AHRC project No. AR14458 (“Null Subjects and the Structure of Parametric
Variation”) to Biberauer. We gratefully thank Adam Ledgeway, Nigel Vincent and Ian Roberts, and also the
audiences at WCCFL25 and the Bristol Italian Dialectology Meeting for their comments and suggestions. All the
usual disclaimers apply.
2
We will only address the variety of EA spoken on the coast in this paper. The western variety is a central dialect
which exhibits completely different features.
3
The data contained in this paper are from the dialect spoken in Arielli (Chieti).
© 2006 Theresa Biberauer and Roberta D’Alessandro. Proceedings of the 25th West Coast Conference on Formal
Linguistics, ed. Donald Baumer, David Montero, and Michael Scanlon, 87-95. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla
Proceedings Project.