Research Article The Prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome in Patients with Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Hooman Ghasemi , 1 Behnam Khaledi-Paveh, 2 Alireza Abdi, 1 Rostam Jalali, 1 Nader Salari, 1 Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani, 1 and Masoud Mohammadi 1 1 Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 2 Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Masoud Mohammadi; masoud.mohammadi1989@yahoo.com Received 12 May 2020; Revised 6 July 2020; Accepted 21 August 2020; Published 29 August 2020 Academic Editor: Filippo Brighina Copyright © 2020 Hooman Ghasemi et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background.Migraineisasevereanddebilitatingneurologicdisorderandisclaimedtobethesixthdisablingillnessintheworld. is study aimed to determine the overall prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with migraine through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods. To identify and select related studies, the Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase, SID, IranDoc, Web of Science, Knowledge Network System Medline (PubMed), and Google Scholar databases were searched. All relatedcross-sectionalstudies,publishedinEnglishorPersianlanguagebetweenJanuary2000andDecember2019andusingthe keywordssuchasmigraine,restlesslegsyndrome,sleepdisorder,RLS,andmigrainedisorder,werecollected.eheterogeneityof thestudieswasassessedusingthe I 2 index,andthedataanalysiswasperformedusingtheComprehensiveMeta-Analysissoftware. Results. Analysis was conducted on the reported results of the final 12 articles with the total sample size of 15196. e overall prevalenceofRLSinpatientswithmigrainewas16.3%(95%CI:12.6–20.8%).eprevalenceofRLSmigrainepatientsdecreased with increasing the sample size, and the prevalence of RLS migraine patients increased with increasing the research year, which wasstatisticallysignificant(P < 0.05). Conclusion.isstudyhighlightsthatRLSishighinpatientswithmigraine,andtherefore, the clinicians should be aware of its incidence and take preventive measures. 1.Background Migraine is a severe and debilitating neurologic disorder whichisrealisedwithlocalthrobbingsensationinthehead. It is a type of disturbance in the subcortical aminergic sensory modulatory systems [1–3]. In other words, the disorder is a type of brain disturbance of the subcortical aminergic sensory modulatory systems [4]. Although mi- graine is widespread, the causes of the disorder are not well understood,andinfact,thetriggersofmigrainevaryfroma person to another. Nevertheless, many factors such as food, barometricpressurechanges,andstresscancausemigraines [5]. Migraine affects the quality of life and results in healthcare costs for the patients [6]. e prevalence of migraine has been reported to be ranging from 10 to 18% in some studies. e estimated prevalence of migraine is 14.9% in European countries. In addition, migraine is reported more commonly in women than men [7–9]. Restlesslegssyndrome(RLS)isamovementdisorderin which there is a feeling of distress and a tendency to move the legs, and in some cases the arms and the neck [10]. Although the cause of RLS in unknown, it is thought that irondeficiencyinbraincausesprimaryRLS,whereaskidney failure, pregnancy, anemia, and genetics are known to be associated with secondary RLS [11]. It occurs most often at nights, and creates sleep disturbances [12]. Migraine and RLS put a heavy burden on society [13]. esetwodisordershaveahighimpactonthequalityoflife. Moreover, the prevalence of RLS is higher in patients with migraine than in a healthy population [14]. Some existing studies have reported an unalike prevalence of RLS in Hindawi Pain Research and Management Volume 2020, Article ID 2763808, 6 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2763808