~ Pergamon
0045-6535(95)00151-4
Chemosphere, Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 2873-2885, 1995
Copyright © 1995 Elsevier Science Ltd
Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved
0045-6535/95 $9.50+0.00
APPLICATION OF PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTOR MODELS TO UV I~ADIATION OF
TRICHLOROETHYLENE IN WATER
F.J.Beitrln', M. Gonddez, F.J. Rivas and J. Jaramiilo
Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica y Energrtica. Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
(Received in Germany 2 March 1995; accepted 28 April 1995)
ABSTRACT
The UV irradiation of trichloroethylene in water was studied. Degradation rates depend on the initial TCE
concentration and nature of the water. Volatilization contribute to the disappearance rate of TCE between 5% and
12% when initial TCE concentration are 25 and 100 lagl 1, respectively. In surface waters containing up to 17 mgl~
of TOC conversion of TCE is only 54% compared to 80% reached in ultrapure water (with less than 20 tagt ~ of
TOC) in 90 min. Degradation rates of TCE decrease with the increase of TOC content of the water. Quantum yields
of TCE at 254 nm have been determined from different photochemical kinetic models. Differences between models
are likely due to effects (reflection-refraction phenomena) not accounted for in the kinetic equations. From the PSSE
model TCE quantum yield has been found to be 1.712a:0.041 mol.photon -~.
~TRODUCTION
Hazardous chemicals such as solvents, pesticides, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, constitute a real threat
of surface or groundwater (1, 2). It is also known that a large variety of these priority pollutants can be effectively
removed through the use of oxidation methods involving the action of UV radiation and hydroxyl radicals (3, 4).
Nowadays, attention is paid to development of chemical or photochemical kinetic models to predict the level of
pollutant degradation with these oxidation techniques (5). As far as processes involving UV radiation are concerned
these kinetic models require the knowledge of some parameters like quantum yields that can be calculated with the
use of photochemical kinetic equations.
In this paper we present results of the UV irradiation of a priority pollutant, trichloroethylene TCE, that was
taken as model compound to determine its quantum yield. TCE is an unsaturated organochlorine compound used
for vapor degreasing of metals, paint and ink formulation (6). TCE has been found in different soil, air and water
environments. TCE has been detected and its concentration quantified in surface, drinking and even ground waters
(7, 8). Some previous papers have already treated the oxidation of TCE (9 - 11) but they do not focus on the UV
photochemical kinetics, or if so, they do not deal with quantum yield determination. Due to the importance of
competition from natural substances (12), the UV irradiation of TCE in two surface waters was also measured.
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