Hindawi Publishing Corporation Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 2013, Article ID 308464, 3 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/308464 Case Report Adenofibroma in a Young Patient: A Rare Entity in an Uncommon Age R. Maciel, S. Carvalho, M. Teixeira, and M. J. Areias Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Portugal Correspondence should be addressed to R. Maciel; raquelmaciel@gmail.com Received 29 October 2013; Accepted 16 December 2013 Academic Editors: E. Cosmi and P. McGovern Copyright © 2013 R. Maciel et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Adenofbroma is an extremely uncommon benign tumor composed of glandular and fbrous tissues. It occurs more ofen in the endometrium but it can also occur in the cervix and extrauterine sites. We report a case of a 32-year-old asymptomatic woman with cervical adenofbroma, frst detected in a routine endovaginal ultrasound, as a cervical mass containing multiple cystic components. Histopathologic fndings diagnosed its nature. As adenofbromas are very rare, we present this case with a brief review of the literature. 1. Introduction Endometrial adenofbroma is a rare benign mullerian mixed tumor composed of benign epithelial and mesenchymal components. Te major proportion of adenofbromas arise from the endometrium (90%); less ofen occur in the cervix [1] and in other anatomical locations. When this tumor arises in the cervix, women can present with abnormal vaginal bleeding, as a frst sign. It can occur in any age but is most commonly seen in peri- or postmenopausal women [2]. Tere are no typical preoperative patterns (clinical or sonographic) that strongly suggest this diagnosis. Te major concern before this benign mixed mesodermal tumor must be its diferential diagnosis with other malignant lesions of the uterus, particularly adenosarcoma. Other diferential diagnoses are adenomyoma and carcinosarcoma [3, 4]. We report a case of an adenofbroma of the uterine cervix in a young patient. 2. Case Report A 32-year-old, nulliparous, woman went to her gynaecologist for routine procedures. She had no complaints and referred regular menstrual cycles, with oral combined contraception. Pelvic examination was normal. Endovaginal ultrasound revealed an intracervical multicystic mass, with 45 mm in its maximum diameter (Figure 1). Diagnostic hysteroscopy was performed and a frm and palid polypoid mass containing multiple cystic spaces and some foci of hemorrhage was detected (Figure 2). Te histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen disclosed an adenofbroma of the uterine cervix: endometrial glands without architectural complexity or cytologic atypia, surrounded by stroma of smooth muscle. An operative hysteroscopy (resectoscopy) with total resection of the tumor was performed. Te histological examination confrmed its benign origin. Te follow-up ultrasound, three months later, was normal, with a linear endocervical epithe- lium (Figure 3) and the patient was asymptomatic. 3. Discussion It was in 1971, by Abell, that adenofbroma of the uter- ine cervix was frst described [5]. Tere have been few reports since then. A literature review carried out using the Pubmed search, with the words “cervical adenofbroma”— and subsequent flters, demonstrated less than 10 manuscripts published. In fact, as a result of its low incidence, the origin of this tumor is still a source of debate; some authors believe it represents a form of endometriosis with extreme smooth muscle metaplasia—endomyometriosis [6]. More recently, Chu et al. (2012) reported a case of an adenofbroma of the uterine cervix coexistent with endometriosis [3].