4217
INTRODUCTION
Requirements for indispensable AA for pigs are
often expressed as a ratio to Lys in the diet (Wang and
Fuller, 1989; Chung and Baker, 1992; NRC, 2012),
but there is some confusion about the ideal Thr:Lys
ratio. A standardized ileal digestible (SID) Thr:Lys
ratio of 0.60 for 25- to 50-kg growing pigs was re-
cently estimated as being adequate (NRC, 2012), and
this value is in agreement with a previous estimate
Effects of dietary fber on the ideal standardized ileal digestible
threonine:lysine ratio for twenty-fve to ffty kilogram growing gilts
1
J. K. Mathai,* J. K. Htoo,† J. E. Thomson,‡ K. J. Touchette,§ and H. H. Stein*
2
*Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University
of Illinois, Urbana 61801; †Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, Hanau-Wolfgang,
Germany, ‡Evonik Degussa Corporation, Kennesaw, GA; and §Ajinomoto Heartland Inc., Chicago, IL, 60631
ABSTRACT: Four experiments were conducted to
determine effects of fber on the ideal Thr:Lys ratio
for 25- to 50-kg gilts. In Exp. 1, the objective was
to determine the requirement for standardized ileal
digestible Lys for gilts from 25 to 50 kg BW. Seventy
gilts (24.54 ± 3.28 kg BW) were used in a growth
assay with 2 pigs per pen, 5 diets, and 7 replicate pens
per diet. The 5 diets were based on corn and soybean
meal and contained between 0.80 and 1.32% SID Lys.
Results indicated that 1.09% SID Lys was needed to
optimize ADG and G:F. In Exp. 2, the objective was
to determine the standardized ileal digestibility of AA
in corn, soybean meal, feld peas, fsh meal, and soy-
bean hulls. Six ileal-cannulated gilts (26.5 ± 0.74 kg
BW) were allotted to a 6 × 6 Latin square design with
6 diets and 6 periods. Values for standardized ileal
digestibility of AA were calculated for all ingredients.
In Exp. 3, the objective was to determine the effect
of fber on the ideal SID Thr:Lys ratio for gilts from
25 to 50 kg BW. A total of 192 gilts (26.29 ± 4.64 kg
BW) were used in a growth assay with 2 pigs per
pen and 8 replicate pens per treatment. Six low-fber
diets and 6 high-fber diets were formulated using the
same batches of ingredients as in Exp. 2. Within each
level of fber, diets with SID Thr:Lys ratios ranging
from 45:100 to 90:100 were formulated using the SID
values calculated in Exp. 2. In both types of diets,
ADG and G:F linearly and quadratically (P < 0.05)
increased as the Thr:Lys ratio increased. Regression
analysis estimated the ideal SID Thr:Lys ratio at 0.66
and 0.63 for ADG and G:F, respectively, for pigs fed
low-fber diets and at 0.71 and 0.63, respectively, for
pigs fed high-fber diets. In Exp. 4, the objective was
to determine the N balance in pigs fed low-fber or
high-fber diets that were formulated to have SID
Thr:Lys ratios of 45:100 or 60:100. The 4 diets were
formulated using the same batches of ingredients as
in Exp. 2, and the SID values determined in Exp. 2
were used in diet formulations. Thirty-six gilts (29.0 ±
0.74 kg BW) were individually housed in metabolism
crates with 9 replicate pigs per diet. Retention of N
(% of intake) was greater (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the
low-fber diets compared with pigs fed the high-fber
diets regardless of the Thr:Lys ratio. Results of these
experiments indicate that increased fber levels in
diets fed to growing gilts increase the requirement for
Thr and that diets with higher fber levels should be
formulated to a greater SID Thr:Lys ratio.
Key words: amino acids, fber, ideal protein, lysine, pigs, threonine
© 2016 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. J. Anim. Sci. 2016.94:4217–4230
doi:10.2527/jas2016-0680
1
Financial support for this research was provided by Ajinomoto
Heartland, Chicago, IL, and by Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH
(Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany).
2
Corresponding author: hstein@illinois.edu
Received May 28, 2016.
Accepted July 28, 2016.
Published October 24, 2016