Philip Cardiff 25 th February 2014 School of Mechanical & Materials Engineering University College Dublin A Representative Volume Element Approach The Adhesion Society, 37 th Annual Meeting February 23 rd - 26 th 2014 Bahia Resort Hotel, San Diego, CA Michael Leonard Neal Murphy Alojz Ivanković Fracture Toughness Optimization of Nano-Toughened Structural Adhesives 2