© 2016 Wichtg Publishing
EJO
ISSN 1120-6721
Eur J Ophthalmol 2017; 27 (4): 428-432
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Enhanced depth imaging (EDI) for spectral-domain optcal
coherence tomography (SD-OCT) generates an inverted im-
age by moving the choroid to the zero delay to maximize the
sensitvity on the outer limit of choroid, making it possible
to generate high-resoluton images of posterior structures
(3). Since EDI was described to visualize the choroid (3), stud-
ies have been focused on the measurement of its thickness,
which depends on several factors. Thinner choroid has been
associated with older age (4-6), higher intraocular pressure
(IOP) (7), and longer axial length (8, 9).
The peripapillary choroid (PPC) has special interest for
the study of optc nerve diseases, including glaucoma. The
optc nerve head is primarily supplied by the PPC and the
vascular theory atributes the development of glaucoma to
an intraneural ischemia resultng from decreased perfusion
of the optc nerve (10). In fact, a reducton in the average or
regional PPC thickness (PPCT) has been reported in glaucoma
(11-13). On the other hand, Rasoulinejad et al (14) showed an
increased prevalence of components of metabolic syndrome
in patents with glaucoma; however, the underlying mecha-
nisms should be clarifed.
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important health
problem worldwide (15); in Portugal, its prevalence adjusted
DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000911
Peripapillary choroidal thickness by enhanced depth
imaging optcal coherence tomography: the impact of
metabolic syndrome
Mónica Loureiro
1,2
, Ana Cristna Braga
3
, Dália Meira
1
, Paula Sepúlveda
1
, Luís Agrelos
1
, Paulo Torres
2,4
1
Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de V. N. Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia - Portugal
2
Insttute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto - Portugal
3
ALGORITMI Centre, University of Minho, Braga - Portugal
4
Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto - Portugal
Introducton
The choroid is a vascularized and pigmented tssue that
extends from the ora serrata to the optc nerve. It is supplied
by the posterior ciliary arteries and the drainage is mainly
through the vortex veins (1). This structure has the highest
perfusion rate compared with any other vascular bed within
the human body (1, 2). Therefore, it is ratonal to consider
that metabolic disturbances, such as diabetes, arterial hyper-
tension, and dyslipidemia, with documented implicatons in
other highly irrigated organs (kidneys, heart, and brain), may
also afect the choroid.
ABstrACt
Purpose: To assess the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the peripapillary choroidal thickness (PPCT) and
to characterize the PPCT in a Portuguese populaton.
Methods: This prospectve study included 104 eyes. Detailed medical and ophthalmic examinatons were per-
formed; the PPCT was measured by spectral-domain optcal coherence tomography (SD-OCT) using enhanced
depth imaging (EDI) modality. The PPCT changes with MetS, as well as with other clinical and demographic fac-
tors, were investgated.
results: The mean PPCT was 142.4 ± 54.0 µm (58-303 µm); it was thickest superiorly, followed by the temporal,
nasal, and inferior sectors. The PPCT was signifcantly associated with axial length (p<0.001), age (p = 0.001),
intraocular pressure (IOP) (p = 0.041), weight (p = 0.015), and arterial hypertension (p = 0.044). The presence of
MetS was associated with thinner PPCT in all sectors, being statstcally signifcant in the temporal (p = 0.032) and
inferotemporal (p = 0.034) sectors.
Conclusions: The choroidal thickness was signifcantly less in temporal and inferotemporal sectors in patents
with MetS than in controls. This may suggest vascular insufciency around the optc nerve head.
Keywords: Enhanced depth imaging, Metabolic syndrome, Optcal coherence tomography, Peripapillary choroi-
dal thickness
Accepted: November 3, 2016
Published online: November 21, 2016
Corresponding author:
Mónica Loureiro
R. Dr. Miguel Assuncao Lopes, n. 15, 3.B
Centro Hospitalar de V. N. Gaia/Espinho
4430-698 V.N. Gaia, Portugal
monicamloureiro@gmail.com