Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 2020, 10, 1-14 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojapps ISSN Online: 2165-3925 ISSN Print: 2165-3917 DOI: 10.4236/ojapps.2020.101001 Dec. 31, 2019 1 Open Journal of Applied Sciences Beneficial Effects of Some Nutraceuticals Containing Glucosamine and Antioxidant against CCL 4 Induced Brain Injury in Rats Sawsan A. Nasr 1 , Omer O. A. Ahmed-Farid 1 , El-Shaymaa A. Zein-El-Abedeen 2 1 Physiology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt 2 Biochemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt Abstract The present study is performed to investigate the effect of two different glu- cosamine containing drugs: Drug 1 and Drug 2 (D1 and D2) against CCl 4 in- duced brain damage in male albino rats. Liverin (AM) was employed in the current study as an antioxidant reference drug. CCl 4 administration caused a significant elevation in the levels of MDA and NO of brain tissue, in associa- tion with a significant decrease in the antioxidant defense system (GSH, SOD and GPX) that indicated the induction of oxidative stress in brain tissue. CCl 4 administration induced brain injury as manifested by the obtained changes in neurotransmitter parameter (norepinephrine (NE), Dopamine (DA), Seroto- nin (5-HT), and Acetylcholinesterase AChE). The tested nutraceuticals and the antioxidant drug displayed a significant improvement against the undue effect of CCl 4 via decreasing the brain tissue content of MDA, NO with the elevation of GSH content. Also, the significant increase in SOD and GPX en- zymatic activity was obtained when compared to CCL 4 group. In addition AM, D1, and D2 have an ameliorative effect on neurotransmitter parameter NE, DA, 5HT, and AChE. Results of this study suggest that both antioxidant drugs and tested nutraceuticals palliate the brain injuries through an- ti-oxidative effect, with the elimination of the deleterious effect of toxic me- tabolites of CCl 4 on brain tissue. Keywords CCL 4 , Glucosamine, Antioxidant and Neurotransmitter 1. Introduction Glucosamine (GlcN) has been reported to have anti-tumor (Zahedipour et al. How to cite this paper: Nasr, S.A., Ahmed- Farid, O.O.A., Zein-El-Abedeen, E.-S.A. (2020) Beneficial Effects of Some Nutra- ceuticals Containing Glucosamine and An- tioxidant against CCL 4 Induced Brain In- jury in Rats. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 10, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2020.101001 Received: November 20, 2019 Accepted: December 28, 2019 Published: December 31, 2019 Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access