~ 240 ~ The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; 10(5): 240-243 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating: 5.23 TPI 2021; 10(5): 240-243 © 2021 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 03-03-2021 Accepted: 23-04-2021 Shruti Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India AH Ahmad Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India Sanjeev Agarwal Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India Ashutosh Dubey Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India AK Verma Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India Corresponding Author: AK Verma Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India Evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in Berberis lyceum Royle of Shivalik range of Himalaya Shruti, AH Ahmad, Sanjeev Agarwal, Ashutosh Dubey and AK Verma Abstract Berberis lyceum Royle is a traditional medicinal plant of the Shivalik range of Himalaya, India, and reported first time in vitro anti-inflammatory potentials in the root, stem, and leaves against denaturation of protein. The different concentration of B. lyceum Royle extract, pure berberine, and diclofenac as standard was incubated with albumin in controlled experimental conditions and subjected to determine the absorbance and to measure their viscosity. The assay is based on the denaturation of protein upon the heat treatment as the anti-inflammatory agent will stabilize or prevent the protein from denaturation. A concentration-dependent inhibition of protein (albumin) denaturation by the B. lyceum Royle and berberine was found in both. However, hydroethanolic extract B. lyceum Royle was found to more effective when compared to pure berberine and diclofenac. High anti-inflammatory effect of hydroethanolic extract due to the synergistic effect of other phytoconstituents present in B. lycium extract along with berberine. Therefore from the present study, we can conclude that both berberine and B. lyceum Royle possess anti-inflammatory activity. Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, Berberine lyceum Royle, diclofenac, Berberine, protein denaturation, viscosity Introduction Inflammation is a pathophysiological response of the defense mechanism of the living system which is characterized by redness, edema, fever, pain, and loss of function as a result of any tissue damage, injury, or pathogen. This is a mechanism of defense however loss of regulatory mechanism i.e. when the inflammation is allowed to continued and unchecks it results in auto- immune or auto-inflammatory disorders, neurodegenerative disease, or cancer [1] . Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (SAID) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are being used to treat acute inflammatory disease, but the success of these drugs is limited in case of chronic inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and atopic dermatitis. Also, the long-term use of these drugs can have an adverse effect too i.e., gastric ulcers, therefore there is a need for new and safe anti-inflammatory agents and plant-derived medicine are one of the ongoing research candidates. The advantages of plant-based medicines are their perceived efficacy, low cost, and less incidence of serious adverse effects [2, 3] . Berberis lyceum Royle belongs to the family of Berberidaceae, often used as a traditional medicine plant by the local people of the Himalayan region. It is an evergreen shrub commonly named Kilmoda or Daruhaldi because of the presence of yellow color pigment i.e. Berberine in the roots of the plant. The other chemical constituents found in B. lycium are berbamine, chinabine, karakoramine, palmatine, sindamine etc. however the berberine is the major bioactive compound that is mainly found in the roots of the plant, and an appreciable amount found in the leaves, stems, and berries [4] It is found to be effective for eye infection, diabetes, obesity, hemorrhoids, wound healing, dysentery, skin disease, uterine and vaginal disorder [5-7] . Berberine (5,6-dihydro-9,10-dimethoxybenzo(g)-1,3-benzodioxolo(5,6- a)quinolizinium) is an isoquionide alkaloid found in plants belong Berberidaceae family. It is a yellow-colored powder, odorless with a characteristic alkolodial taste [8] . It is a relevant molecule in pharmacology and medicinal chemistry. Berberine is now manufactured by chemical synthesis also. For clinical purposes, the sulfate or chloride salt of berberine is generally used. Berberine is also used for the synthesis of several bioactive derivatives by the means of condensation, modification, and substitution of functional groups in strategic positions for the design of new, selective, and powerful drugs [9, 10] . Various clinical and pre- clinical studies on berberine clinical show the curative and protective effect against many