ELSEVIER
20 September 1996
Chemical Physics Letters 260 (1996) 7-14
CHEMICAL
PHYSICS
LETTERS
Multireference configuration interaction and second-order
perturbation theory calculations for the 13A ', 11K', and 11A
electronic states of vinylnitrene and vinylphosphinidene
Vudhichai Parasuk 1, Christopher J. Cramer
Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
Received 28 June 1996
Abstract
MRCI and CASP'I2 calculations from a (4, 4) MCSCF active space predict both vinylnitrene and vinylphosphinidene to
have 3~, ground states. For vinylnitrene, the lowest open-shell singlet (1K') and closed-shell singlet 0A') states lie 15 and 40
kcal/mol higher in energy, respectively. The corresponding relative singlet energies in vinylphosphinidene are 17 and 23
kcal/mol, respectively. The reduced separation between the singlet states in H2C=CHP compared to H2C=CHN is
attributed to decreased conjugation between the double bond and the pnictogen atom in the phosphinidene.
I. Introduction
Nitrenes and phosphinidenes are interesting un-
charged, monosubstituted pnictogen compounds•
Certain nitrenes in particular can be useful as pho-
toaffinity labeling reagents [1]. These compounds
formally have four non-bonding pnictogen electrons
that can be distributed into three atom-centered or-
bitals; thus, nitrenes and phosphinidenes are typically
ground state triplets and have singlet states that are
moderately, higher in energy.
Computational studies have predicted the
singlet-triplet gap for a number of different nitrenes
and phosphinidenes [2-10]. Spectroscopic data for
~Permanent address: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of
Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Rd., Patumwan,
Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
some of these compounds are also available [11-17].
For the parent systems, NH and PH, the ground
states are known to be triplets with splittings of 36
and 22 kcal/mol, respectively, separating them from
their doubly-degenerate first excited singlet states
(~A) [12,13]. The smaller gap in HP is attributed to
reduced Coulomb repulsion between the unpaired
electrons in the singlet state when they occupy the
more diffuse 3n-level orbitals compared to 2n-level
orbitals in HN.
Substitution of H with a non-cylindrically sym-
metric group, e.g., vinyl, phenyl, etc., lowers the
molecular symmetry and causes the degenerate sin-
glet states to split into one open-shell singlet (some-
times referred to as a singlet biradical) and a closed-
shell singlet. The substitution-induced splitting be-
tween the two singlet states has been calculated to be
as large as 20 kcal/mol for phenylnitrene [3,4,9] and
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