P
Philippine Public
Administration: 5Es and an A
Alex B. Brillantes
1
and Maria Pilar Lorenzo
2
1
University of the Philippines National College of
Public Administration and Governance, Quezon
City, Philippines
2
Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, Ghent
University, Ghent, Belgium
Synonyms
Expansion of classic framework of Public Admin-
istration; Government principles; Philippine Pub-
lic Administration
Definition
5 Es and an A is a conceptual framework that
seeks to expand the classic framework of Public
Administration given the context of a developing
country like the Philippines that grapples with
well-entrenched issues of inequality, lack of inclu-
sive growth, nepotism, and corruption.
Introduction
The discipline of Public Administration has many
times been considered a sub-field of the general
field of management and administration, and thus,
tends to focus on the three general classic con-
cerns of economic, efficiency, and effectiveness,
also referred to as the 3 Es of Public Administra-
tion. However, given the context of the Philip-
pines, a developing country that has been
confronted with deeply rooted issues on inequal-
ities, lack of inclusive growth, nepotism, and cor-
ruption, Public Administration has always gone
beyond the traditional 3Es – and it is not unrea-
sonable to assume that this may be also true for
other contexts – as other, and perhaps more rele-
vant, principles have to undergird the theoretical
underpinnings and practice of the discipline.
Defining Public Administration
Many countries today continue to grapple with the
challenges of growing inequality and graft and
corruption that have hindered growth and devel-
opment. Conventional thinking has always related
these to the unresponsive – and underdeveloped –
administrative structures and procedures, some-
times referred to as “maladministration” (Caiden
1991:486). Certainly, good administration boils
down to the so-called 3Es of management, econ-
omy, efficiency, and effectiveness, which are all
undeniably critical. But equally important are the
principles of equity, ethics, and accountability
wherein the lack of these in practice also lead to
maladministration and have also been character-
ized as “bureaupathologies” that are “systemic
shortcomings of organizations that cause
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
A. Farazmand (ed.), Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_4134-1