786 AJR:184, March 2005
AJR 2005;184:786–792
0361–803X/05/1842–786
© American Roentgen Ray Society
Gastrointestinal Imaging
Barish et al.
Virtual Colonoscopy
Consensus on Current Clinical
Practice of Virtual Colonoscopy
Matthew A. Barish
1
Jorge A. Soto
2
Joseph T. Ferrucci
2
Barish MA, Soto JA, Ferrucci JT
Received April 18, 2004; accepted after revision
July 22, 2004.
1
Department of Radiology, 3D and Image Processing
Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St.,
Boston, MA 02115. Address correspondence to
M. A. Barish (mabarish@partners.org).
2
Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center,
88 E Newton St., Boston, MA 02118.
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to determine the current opinions regarding
the performance, interpretation, reporting, and clinical role of virtual colonoscopy among a
group of selected experts to develop a consensus statement.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. A questionnaire was sent to 33 selected experts in vir-
tual colonoscopy. Responses were tabulated and results were used to develop a consensus state-
ment. The results of the questionnaire and consensus statement were sent to respondents for
comment and approval.
RESULTS. Thirty-one (93.9%) of 33 surveys were returned. Eighty-seven percent (27/31)
of respondents believe virtual colonoscopy is a credible screening method. Oral sodium phos-
phate solution is the laxative preferred by more than 66% (18/27), whereas 62% (13/21) do not
believe fecal tagging is necessary. All respondents (25/25) think that both prone and supine im-
aging is required, with most (81%, 21/26) believing IV contrast material is not necessary. The
routine use of spasmolytics is suggested by only 15% (4/26). The largest acceptable slice thick-
ness of 3 mm is agreed on by 88% (22/25). All respondents believe screening virtual colonos-
copy should be performed at a lower dose per slice than conventional CT. Most (80%, 20/25)
believe the optimum method of interpreting virtual colonoscopy should be primary axial re-
view, with 3D used for problem solving. All but one respondent (96%, 26/27) agree there is a
threshold size below which polyps are not clinically important. When reporting virtual colonos-
copy results, 59% (16/27) believe polyps less than 4 mm need not be reported.
CONCLUSION. A consensus is developing among experts as to the appropriate manner
in which virtual colonoscopy should be performed, interpreted, and reported.
irtual colonoscopy or CT colonog-
raphy is a rapidly evolving method
for the detection of colorectal pol-
yps and cancers. Multiple studies
have shown that it has similar accuracy to con-
ventional colonoscopy both in high-risk
groups and, more recently, in a low-prevalence
screening population [1–4]. Virtual colonos-
copy is a viable alternative to existing screen-
ing tests for colorectal cancer because it is safe
and noninvasive. However, issues relating to
clinical implementation remain as virtual
colonoscopy moves from being a research
technique to becoming a generally accepted
screening test.
Transitioning a new technology into clini-
cal practice is facilitated by development of a
set of standards and practice guidelines. Tra-
ditionally, development of such guidelines
follows from an accumulation of clinical data,
literature reviews, and consensus opinions
from knowledgeable experts in the field. The
goal of this study was to develop an expert
consensus statement to help prepare guide-
lines for clinical practice. The methodology
of using an initial questionnaire to survey
opinions and allowing participating individu-
als to comment on the consensus statement
and offer minority opinions allows a repre-
sentative opinion of the current state of virtual
colonoscopy.
Materials and Methods
The authors developed a questionnaire (Appen-
dix 1) to survey opinions of leading experts in vir-
tual colonoscopy. Experts were selected from one
of the following groups: radiologists with experi-
ence in performing and interpreting virtual
colonoscopy, gastroenterologists familiar with vir-
tual colonoscopy practices and having extensive
experience in colorectal cancer screening pro-
grams, and other individuals familiar with virtual
colonoscopy who represent health care policy deci-
sion makers. Selection of experts within these
V