70 Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 63 & 64 (1987) 70-72
North-Holland, Amsterdam
MAGNONS IN CeAl2
R OSBORN**, M LOEWENHAUPT #, B D RAINFORD* and W G STIRLING ~
*Department o[ Phystcs, The Umversity, Southampton S09 5NH, UK
# Insatut fur Festkorperforschung, KFA-Juhch, D-5170 Juhch, Fed Rep Germany
~ Insatut Laue-Langewn, 156X, 38042 Grenoble, France
The low energy magnetic excitation spectrum in the ordered phase of CeAl2 has been measured by inelastic neutron
scattering The results are discussed in the hght of recent theories of magnetic excitatmns in slnusoidally modulated
systems, and it is shown how they lead to a new explanation for the large value of the linear specific heat coefficient
Below 3 8 K, CeA12 is a sinusoldally modu-
lated antlferromagnet, the magnetic moments
are constrained to he along (111) directions
while their magmtudes are modulated in the
perpendtcular (110) direction with a periodicity
Incommensurable with the lattice [1] It is,
therefore, an example of a transverse spin den-
slty wave There is a sertous problem in treatmg
theoretically the dynamics of such systems
because the wavevector, q, IS no longer a good
quantum number [2] Modes with a particular q
are coupled to those of wavevector q± O,,
where Q, IS the wavevector of the incommen-
surable modulation, so that linear spin wave
theory leads to an infinite set of coupled equa-
ttons The magnetic excitation spectrum does
not consist of a set of discrete modes but of a
broadened intensity dlstrtbutlon, not easily
related to the exchange and anlsotropy
parameters stablhzmg the structure There have
been a number of recent attempts at calculating
the transverse dynamtc susceptlblhty of spin
density waves, by truncating the set of infinite
continued fraction [3], by using a Green's func-
tion expanston [4] and by numerically diagonal-
izing an equivalent one-dlmenstonal quast-
periodic Hamfltonlan [5] The first two methods
predtct magnon bands with dispersion stmilar to
that calculated for a commensurable system but
broadened by the spattal fluctuattons of the
+ Present address Neutron Division, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Chilton, Dtdcot, Oxon OX 11 0QX
0304-8853/87/$03 50 © Elsevier Sctence Pubhshers
(North-Holland Physics Publishing Divtslon)
moments The last study, however, predicted
qualitatively new features such as a broad
quaslelasUc line, energy gaps and a sharp dts-
perslonless band at htgher energy None of these
authors have treated the problem of phase
modes whtch, in the models chosen, are a fea-
ture of the longitudinal suscepttblhty So far the
calculattons have been restricted to simplified
models and no detailed comparison with
experiment has been possible
The observation of magnon bands in neutron
time-of-flight spectra of CeAI2 [6] has prompted
the current mvestlgatlon of the magnetic excita-
tion spectrum in a large single crystal Thts was
mounted wtth the (112) axts vertical The
measurements were performed on the cold-
source triple-axis spectrometer, IN12, at the In-
stitut Laue-LangevIn, which gave energy
resolutton of 0 12 meV at an incident
wavelength of 4 05/k The sample was main-
tained at 1 3 K during a series of "constant- O"
scans performed along various symmetry direc-
tions Elastic magnetic satellite peaks were seen
at (1 392, -0 392,0 5) and (1 608,-0 608,0 5)
corresponding to q= ~'± Q,, where ~" is a
nuclear reciprocal lattice vector and Q,=
(1/2+8, 1/2-6, 1/2) 6=0108, confirming
that the modulatton pertod is approximately nine
unit cells The spectra conststed of broadened
bands, with strongly q dependent intensities At
every q examined, the data could be charac-
terized by two overlapping Gaussian peaks sug-
gesting that the spectra are divided into two
BV