Creative Education, 2015, 6, 1360-1385
Published Online July 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ce
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ce.2015.612137
How to cite this paper: Cardona, L., Rico, C., & Sarmiento, S. (2015). Developing Cultural Awareness: The Text-Driven Ap-
proach as Evidence of a Good Language Teaching Practice. Creative Education, 6, 1360-1385.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ce.2015.612137
Developing Cultural Awareness: The
Text-Driven Approach as Evidence of a
Good Language Teaching Practice
Laura Cardona, Carlos Rico, Susan Sarmiento
Communication and Language Department, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
Email: cardona.laura@javeriana.edu.co , crico@javeriana.edu.co , susksar1201@yahoo.com
Received 12 June 2015; accepted 18 July 2015; published 21 July 2015
Copyright © 2015 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract
The present article reports a descriptive and explanatory case study, whose objective was to iden-
tify and describe to what extend students develop cultural awareness through activities designed
under the principles of the Text-Driven Approach (TDA). This approach, presented by Brian Tom-
linson, answers the question of how a second language can be learned or acquired in the most ef-
fective way in the classroom, and also aims to design interesting materials for students which lead
them to think, reflect, and communicate. The research deals with developing cultural awareness
in Elementary English students in the Modern Languages Degree at Pontificia Universidad Jave-
riana. Basically, the research development comprised 3 stages. The first one consisted of the iden-
tification of the problem, which was intended to figure out if students develop cultural awareness
in their English classes; the second stage was intended to design a set of activities following the
TDA principles. Said design became the core of the pedagogical intervention to give answers to the
problem found. The third stage was featured by the implementation of the activities in two differ-
ent classrooms for a period of three months. During such implementation of the activities, data
were collected by using 3 important instruments: the observation sheets, which were helpful in
order to gather information about observable students’ behaviors (what students do). The second
instrument was a questionnaire, in which students had the opportunity to express what they
thought and learned during the implementation of the activities (what students say they do) and
finally, we count on artifacts from students (what students really do), regarding the activities de-
signed in order to develop cultural awareness; such artifacts were found by means of the teacher’s
guide, the document in which the activities were presented. Therefore, the same phenomenon was
observed from 3 different perspectives obtaining a triangulation, a technique, which was consi-
dered the most appropriate to do the analysis of the data. The information collected led research-
ers to 4 important categories through which answers were given to the research question: know-
ledge (savoir), socio-cultural competence (savoir fare), attitude (savoir être), understanding ‘’the
other’’. Such categories allowed researchers to classify the information gathered and obtain the