International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-1, November, 2019
638
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Retrieval Number A4515119119/2019©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.A4515.119119
Religious Online Information Behaviour Among the
Malays in the Digital Era
Haslin Hasan, Hamdzun Haron
Abstract - Seeking knowledge is among the most important
virtuein Islam. The Internet era offers more sources and new ways
in gaining and producing information including religious
information. However, the perception that the religious
information behaviour among the Malays is not yet being studied
empirically. A framework has been developed based on theories,
previous related studies and interviews with Internet users. Three
main aspects of behaviour being studied: usage, information
seeking and verification. Data is collected using printed and
electronic questionnaires. There are 616 usable data successfully
gathered and analyzed through SPSS. Related to usage, the result
shows that the Malays have adapted well with the Internet
medium for searching the religious information. The results also
show that there are changes on the technical aspect of
information acquisition and delivery via the new media. However
from the procedural aspect, the information behaviour among
Malays are still traditional in nature based on their seeking
information methods. The results suggest that the religious offline
behaviour continues online, demonstrating their conservative
nature. Analyzing the beahviour against the users’ background
suggests that there is a statically relationship between them. A
high percentage of users claimed that the verify online religious
information, even though they differ on this in practice. This
paper ends with recommendations to improve the information
behaviour among the masses.
Keywords: Religious, Online Information, Malays, Digital Era.
I. INTRODUCTION
Internet offers many channels to the cyber population to
access almost any type of knowledge including religious
knowledge. Since Internet become popular, among the
earliest content that fill up the cyberspace is the religious
information. The online religious content is not just always
keep increasing, but there are also variety of scopes and
characters [2]. Search result from Google [28/7/2019]
combining key words of ‘religion’ and ‘blog’ for example
shows almost a billion listing!
In the social history of Malaysia, the change of religious
knowledge sources usually resulted in the social religious
change. Internet presents many advantages as religious
sources: a great medium for creating, storing, transferring,
distributing, and acquiring religious information. Internet is
therefore has a lot of potential to be an alternative religious
sources for the contemporary Muslim. Not surprising that in
the earlier research, 64% of religious online activity in the
United States is information seeking [10].The same trend may
also happening in Malaysia [9, 11, 12].
Revised Manuscript Received on November 02, 2019.
* Correspondence Author
Haslin Hasan, Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur, Unipark Suria,
Jalan Ikram-Uniten, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia. Email:
haslin@iukl.edu.my
Hamdzun Haron*, Pusat Citra Universiti, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Email: hh@ukm.edu.my
Study on the Muslim’s online information behavior may
therefore help us in understanding the phenomena of the
current Muslim society [14], especially the potential of
societal change brought by this new behavior. Campbell [3]
also thinks that the Internet study now should embark on the
third phase, i.e. the study on specific online practices. By
studying the online information seeking and behavior, we may
observe the change of the current trend of this practice (if any)
and predict the future change or outcome of this practice in
the society.
II. RELIGIOUS INFORMATION BEHAVIOR
AMONG THE MALAYS
This research is to study the online religious information
behavior among the Malay Muslim in Malaysia in three
aspects: usage, information seeking and information
verification. Information here refers to online religious
information. The framework for this research is as below. It is
adapted from the Johnson’s information seeking model,
Theory of Planned Behavior, Information Influence discourse
[17], the new media discourse [1, 6, 7], Islamic sciences
especially the ‘usul’ (i.e. principles or methodological
theories in Hadith, Creed and Fiqh), Media System
Dependency Theory (1976), previous studies [14, 15] and
author’s own interview [9].
A questionnaire survey form is designed both in printing and
online format based on the above framework (Figure 1) and
distributed by hand and through Internet. For Likert scale
questionnaires, 5-point agreement is being used to represent
(from the score 1) Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Less Agree,
Agree and Strongly Agree. The distribution of the
questionnaire started from 15/1/2016 to 15/4/2016. There are
all together 616 usable data has been collected from which
386 are from the online survey and 230 are from the printing
form.