~ 417 ~ International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences 2021; 7(2): 417-422 E-ISSN: 2395-1958 P-ISSN: 2706-6630 IJOS 2021; 7(2): 417-422 © 2021 IJOS www.orthopaper.com Received: 04-02-2021 Accepted: 08-03-2021 Dr. Veeresh Mahantesh Wali Junior Resident, Department of Orthopaedics, Adichunchanagiri Insititute of Medical Sciences B G Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka, India Dr. Harish K Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Adichunchanagiri Insititute of Medical Sciences B G Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka Dr. Abdul Ravoof Professor, Department of Orthopaedics Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B G Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka, India Dr. BG Sagar Professor and Head of Department, Department of Orthopaedics, Adichunchanagiri Insititute of Medical Sciences B G Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka, India Corresponding Author: Dr. Abdul Ravoof Professor, Department of Orthopaedics Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B G Nagara, Mandya, Karnataka, India Surgical management of compound fracture tibia using an unreamed interlocking intramedullary nail Dr. Veeresh Mahantesh Wali, Dr. Harish K, Dr. Abdul Ravoof and Dr. BG Sagar DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/ortho.2021.v7.i2f.2657 Abstract Background and Objectives: Tibial fractures are one of the most common long bone fractures with increasing number of motor vehicle accidents. Complications like compartment syndrome, neurovascular injuries, malunion are common. Reaming before insertion of nail disrupts the medullary blood supply. Infection rate with reaming is high because the foreign bodies, dust, etc are pushed deeper into the tissues with reaming. Thus considering all these factors, the unreamed intramedullary nail can be used for the management of compound fractures of tibia. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedics, Adichunchangiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B G Nagara, Mandya district after obtaining ethical clearance. This study was conducted on 20 patients involving both male and female. Study was conducted for a period of 18 months from December 2018 to June 2020. Cases were followed up with 4 visits. Results: Compound fractures of the tibia treated by unreamed interlocking intra medullary nail gave excellent results measured by surgical outcome and patient satisfaction. This technique boasts lower rates of complications in comparison with other treatment modalities. Interpretation & Conclusion: Unreamed interlocking nailing is a lucrative option in management of compound and segmental tibial fractures. It promotes early union. Also it has low risk of infection. Early mobilisation can be advocated. It helps early return to activities. Keywords: Unreamed, interlocking intramedullary nailing, dynamisation, reaming Introduction “The primary objective in the management of an open fracture is union with prevention or eradication of wound sepsis.” - Gustillo et al. It is a well known fact that tibia is the most commonly fractured long bone. There are 26 cases of tibia fractures per lakh population. Because of its very location: compound fractures in tibia are common because two third of tibia is subcutaneous distal tibia has less muscle coverage because of which there is less protection and poor blood supply which may even result in non union later. Complications like compartment syndrome, infection, non union are common. Knee joint and ankle joint give very less freedom of movement for leg. Usually tibia gets fractured in five ways; direct blow, assaults, sports falls and injuries, falls, road traffic accidents and bullet injuries [1] . With use of C-arm, use of intramedullary nail is favourable and an attractive option. Nail is a load sharing device. It shows resistance to both axial and torsional forces. Locking of the nail proximally and distally gives rotational and axial stability. Reaming before insertion of nail disrupts the medullary blood supply. Nailing with reaming provides a double insult to the nutrient artery distribution [2] . Infection rate with reaming is high because the foreign bodies, dust, etc are pushed deeper into the tissues with reaming. Materials and Methods The present study was conducted at the department of Orthopedics, Adichunchangiri institute of medical science, B G Nagara, Bellur, Mandya district after obtaining ethical clearance. This study was conducted on 20 patients involving both male and female. Study was conducted for a period of 18 months from December 2018 to June 2020.