Individual Tariffs for Mobile Services: Bargaining Model and Calculation
H. Chen; L-F Pau
Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University
{hchen, lpau}@rsm.nl
Abstract
This paper aims to develop a bargaining model for
calculation of individual tariffs for mobile service
bundles. The paper first looks shortly at the intrinsic
drivers of individual tariffs both from sociological and
economic perspectives. It proceeds with a bargaining
model for individual tariffs which is centered on user
and supplier behaviours. The user, instead of being
fully rational, has “bounded rationality” and his
behaviours are not only subject to economic
constraints but also influenced by social needs.
Individual tariffs are decided through interactions
between the user and the supplier. Game theory is
employed to provide structured analyses of the
interactions and tariff design. Preliminary results,
which are based on a music training service, show that
individual tariffs can be beneficial to both the user and
the supplier.
1. Introduction
Individual tariffs existed at the dawn of the telecom
history. Due to the limited supply and demand, tariffs
were negotiated between the individuals and the
telephone companies. Individual tariffs faded out when
telecom industry began to thrive in the early 20th
century under economies of scale. Users started to pay
same prices for standard services.
But both on supply and demand sides, the power of
individuals is rising. It is high time that the “customer-
specific tariffs”, based on personalized services, be
extended to individual users and not just reduced to
some corporate customers in telecom industry.
This paper aims to develop a bargaining model for
the computation of individual tariffs. The ultimate goal
is to provide a tool so that the determination processes
of individual tariffs are automated or semi-automated
and the prohibitive tariff provisioning overhead is
avoided.
2. Basic concepts
In order to define individual tariffs, the opposite is
defined first. Public tariffs in telecommunication refer
to the regulatory protected ability for an identified user
to obtain from a service provider, by a bilateral
contract, a set of standard prices for a set of
standardized services. Public tariffs are common
practice of current incumbent telecom operators. The
number of services is limited and so are the choices of
tariffs. There is no interaction between operators and
customers when signing contracts. A customer has to
choose one category of services and tariffs which fit
his needs best or reject the offer. The limited
segmentation leaves a significant amount of demands
from the users unsatisfied.
Individual tariffs in telecommunications refer to the
regulatory protected ability for an identified user to
obtain from a service provider, by a bilateral specific
contract, a set of service specific prices corresponding
to a request or a proposal from the user specified with a
service demand profile and some duration.
3. Drivers and bargaining model of
individual tariffs
3.1. Intrinsic drivers of individual tariffs
Not all individual users are willing to consider
personalized services and tariffs. Some prefer a pre-
determined bundle with little transparency and limited
choices. But there are values held by a growing
population inviting personalized services and
individual tariffs. Here is a non-exhausted list of
drivers that we consider to be fundamental.
Individualism. According to Hayek [1], there are
universally accepted principles under which man
makes his own choices and take full responsibility; he
is free to follow his own will, to make full use of his
knowledge and skill, and he is guided by his concerns
for the particular things of which he knows and he
cares. Personalized mobile services and tariffs are
IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC'06)
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