International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 59 (2021) 102266
Available online 24 April 2021
2212-4209/© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
A roadmap for making a salvage plan. Valuing and prioritising
heritage objects
Nina Kjølsen Jernæs
Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research (NIKU), Norway
A R T I C L E INFO
Keywords:
Emergency planning
Salvage plan
Value
Priority
Cultural heritage
Decision-making tool
ABSTRACT
One of many measures to prevent or at least mitigate damage to cultural heritage sites is to make a salvage plan
for items with heritage value. Several guides and manuals have been written for museums to help in the work of
ascribing values to their collections. A review of international work on emergency response planning, salvaging
of items and detailed information on preventive work shows that only two guidelines mention how to prioritise
heritage items when making a salvage plan. This article combines relevant guides and manuals with experiences
from projects undertaken in Norwegian churches. It presents a roadmap that can be used by non-professionals in
their work on salvage plans. The roadmap contains all steps from preparation and background work, to relevant
discussions and assessment of heritage items, in combination with the defnition of salvage needs and of the
vulnerability of the valuated items. By including when and how to involve the needed experts, this article offers a
tool that flls a gap for the management and the owners of cultural historical buildings.
1. Introduction
Through several projects dealing with emergency response and
salvaging of valuable items in Norwegian churches, it has become
evident that it is diffcult for the local managers and owners to draw up a
salvage plan. Many of them are uncertain of how to assess value and how
to prioritise. This paper discusses a number of value assessment methods
and a number of designs for salvage plans. On the basis of workshop
outcomes, the paper provides guidance for combining both ingredients
into a value-based prioritised salvage plan.
Existing guides and manuals have been written to provide advice in
this work of valuing and prioritising collections in cultural institutions
as part of museum management. This means that the implicit expertise
resource is taken for granted. Ferraro and Henderson [1] present an
evaluation of the manuals and emergency rescue plans used by cultural
institutions, but how to ascribe values and prioritise items in the
collection is not mentioned in their overview. Regarding the core fea-
tures of the evaluated emergency response manuals, six of them had an
evacuation plan, and only two had an evacuation priority [1]. There is a
twofold knowledge gap regarding this work: the decision tools for
valuing heritage items are not written for non-professionals in cultural
heritage feld, and the existing manuals for valuation of heritage objects
and museum items are in many cases too thorough regarding the in need
of expert vision on the assessments. Therefore, it is argued that the
existing guides and manuals needs modifcation, simplifcation and
added assessment issues in order to be a useful tool for non-professionals
when making salvage plans.
2. Research questions and methodology
There seem to be a lack of manuals to guide non-professionals
through the preparatory work of identifying and recording valuable
objects on their sites in order to make a well-thought-out salvage and
rescue plan. The research question is therefore as follows: How will a
non-heritage expert be able to make well-considered choices when
identifying the cultural signifcance of heritage objects and then use
such information for item prioritisation in a salvage plan?
This article aims to illustrate the importance of including a valuing
process when making a salvage plan, and second, to suggest a roadmap
that puts this into practice. To do so, the article provides a selection of
the existing literature on valuing heritage objects, which is largely
written for museum professionals. This is followed by an overview of the
manuals on making salvage plans for buildings and collections that
include heritage objects. The literature overview uncovers the knowl-
edge gaps and functions as a basis for the developed roadmap for valuing
and prioritising heritage objects. Four workshops in four counties in
Norway have been carried out in 2020, with the goal of starting to make
a salvage plan for the churches in their care. The discussions, obstacles
E-mail address: nina.k.jernaes@niku.no.
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijdrr
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102266
Received 30 November 2020; Received in revised form 29 March 2021; Accepted 14 April 2021