Tarbiyatuna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Volume 11, Nomor 1, Februari 2018; p-ISSN: 2085-6539, e-ISSN: 2242-4579; 30-51 DEFENDING RADICALISM AND ISLAMIC-TRANSNATIONAL MOVEMENT; RENEWAL APPROACHES FROM STRUCTURAL TO CULTURAL DIMENSION Ana Aniati Institut Agama Islam Ibrahimy Genteng Banyuwangi, Indonesia E-mail: anaaniaty@yahoo.com Abstract: This article will describe complete approaches to understand what trans-nationalism is, how to anticipate its negative effects trough Islamic authentic feature which is lived in and attached by Indonesian-Moslems societies, and strategy to build a tolerance and multicultural society beyond rising Islamism and nationalism contestation, at least in few months ago. To construct this complex idea, this article will be formulated using sociological and anthropological design-approaches in every sub-theme. Yet this article was constructed using some researches reports which were have done. In the end, this article will conclude that; first trans-nationalism was not a dangerous theme, if Indonesian people belonging to their identities as attached feature. Second, Indonesian people had a strong institution (Pesantren) to build tolerance and multicultural Moslems societies. Third, Moslems scholars, such as Kyais and Moslem Intellectual ought to usually preach what Indonesia is based on cultural and nationalism values. The last, we have to recognize that uncertain political interest will arose all of Indonesia moderate world view. Keywords: Trans-nationalism, Pesantren, Tolerance and Multicultural Societies Pendahuluan Kegelisahan utama tema ini berasal dari kekhawatiran banyak orang akan menguatnya kembali konflik sikap islamisme radikal dan pupusnya identitas asli orang Indonesia. Bukti shahih dari kekhawatiran ini, dapat terlihat jelas dari kontestasi kepentingan politik di Pilkada Jakarta, keberpihakan pemerintah terhadap kelompok- kelompok Islam moderat, aksi terorisme yang tidak kunjung usai, hingga rencana pemerintah menghapus/membubarkan organisasi keagamaan yang berideologi kekerasan, baik berasal dari gerakan transnasional ataupun lahir atas inisiasi masyarakat Islam-Indonesia sendiri. Tentu, dalam konteks menanggapi kegelisahan ini, menurut penulis, pemerintah sudah melakukan hal yang benar. Artinya, pemerintah menginginkan sebuah konsep kenegaraan yang tidak keluar dari fondasi awal Indonesia dibangun. Pemerintah, pada satu sisi, juga berharap masyarakat mau