2024 Fog Networks: A Prospective Technology for IoT Urooj Yousuf Khan 1 , Tariq Rahim Soomro 2 1 Institute of Business Management, Pakistan, urooj.yousuf@iobm.edu.pk 2 Institute of Business Management, Pakistan, tariq.soomro@iobm.edu.pk ABSTRACT Cloud computing is currently the most sought-after solution for almost all of enterprise problems. Distinguishing features of the Cloud are ease of service and lesser hassle on the client end. These services come with a hefty price. Cloud services face issues of delay, slower connectivity and security. Fog Computing answers these downsides by providing nearer-to-ground and ever available Internet connection to nodes. Fog Computing relies on multiple, smaller clouds, nearer to ground. Internet of Things is the next logical leap for Internet. It envisions creating an environment wherein various heterogeneous devices can communicate with each other via internet. Enabling Internet of Things requires uninterrupted Internet connection and an interpreter. Both these features are intrinsically present in Fog Computing. Hence, this paper proposes Fog as the expected ground for enabling Internet of Things. Key words: Fog Computing, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things. 1.INTRODUCTION It is estimated that by 2030, 50 billion devices will be connected to the internet. The IoT is well-thought-out future of the internet. Internet of Things (IoT) is a networking concept that focuses on enabling devices to be connected to the internet and having a valid communication path. Several enabling technologies are currently in market. One of the path is to assign a valid IPV6 address to each node to act as identifier. Other defining paths include Low Energy Blue Tooth and Radio Frequency Infrared Detection (RFID). None of these technologies, however is robust enough to materialize IoT to its full potential. Internet of Things can revolutionize several fields such as health, education and development of smart cities. A novel approach to visualizing IoT is the Fog Computing. Fog is an enhancement of the Cloud.Fog or haze computing implies multiple smaller clouds nearer to ground. There are multiple application areas of Fog. It includes connected devices, smart computing and wireless sensor /actuator networks. Enabling Internet of Things using Fog as a platform is a relatively newer concept. This implementation has several obvious advantages over other similar technologies. This paper discusses the possible implementation of IoT using Fog Computing. The paper is organized as follows: Section 2 covers the literature review. Section 3 explains Fog computing in greater detail. Section 4 concludes the paper by addressing the IoT challenges that can be answered by a Fog network. Section 5includes the references used. 2.LITERATURE REVIEW Cloud computing is the trend of today. It encompasses a wide spectrum, ranging from centralized management to cellular core networks. Lately, however, there are some challenges. These challenges have emerged as Internet of Things takes a key place in tomorrow’s technology. Future developments include information transmitting light bulbs, computers on the stick and button sized radio frequency tuners[1]. A.Fog Networks In The Past Fog is “a cloud near to ground”. It is a newer concept that aims at providing a layer between Cloud and nodes. Key features of the Fog are location sensitivity and lower latency as compared to Cloud[2]. There are many advantages if Fog networks are deployed properly[3]. Fog networks ensure that devices that require services locally are not transferred to the Cloud. Rather, they are entertained at the edge of the network[4]. The term Fog Computing or Haze is a networking idea that transports the Cloud to the edge of the network[5]. It implies creating a platform wherein device requests that require least services can be entertained at the edge instead of being transported to the Cloud. It is an intermediate network between the smart devices and the Cloud[4]. As already mentioned, distinguishing features of the Fog are lesser transmission delay, location sensing, extensive physical coverage and mobility [5].Fog devices are located between cloud and smart devices. Their swift backbone link to the cloud and location proximity to nodes enable real time applications to be processed in no time.[6]. Fog computing is an extension of the Cloud. In the Fog, a group of routers and nodes act as cloudlets[6]. Thus, Fog emulates an environment where in applications no longer need to access centralized data servers[4]. This corresponds to faster response and higher user rights to control their own data/applications. Applications can be visualized as small pieces of code that execute securely at the edge of the network[7].The presence of large number of sensors is only one of the many views of the Fog. ISSN 2278-3091 Volume 10, No.3, May - June 2021 International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering Available Online at http://www.warse.org/IJATCSE/static/pdf/file/ijatcse761032021.pdf https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2021/761032021