International Journal of Advances in Medicine | November-December 2018 | Vol 5 | Issue 6 Page 1503 International Journal of Advances in Medicine Abhishek TG et al. Int J Adv Med. 2018 Dec;5(6):1503-1509 http://www.ijmedicine.com pISSN 2349-3925 | eISSN 2349-3933 Original Research Article Association between carotid intima media thickness and metabolic syndrome Abhishek T. G., Arathi Darshan, Jayaprakash S. Appajigol*, Naveen Angadi, Vijayalakshmi Chikkamath INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome has affected approximately one quarter of the population in developed world. In India, studies have reported prevalence of metabolic syndrome ranging from 24.9% in northern India to 41% in Southern India using different definitions. 1 Approximately one fourth of the adult European population was estimated to have metabolic syndrome, with a similar prevalence in Latin America. 2 Metabolic syndrome is considered as an emerging epidemic in developing East Asian countries like China, Japan, and Korea. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome ranges from 8 to 13% in men and 2 to 18% in women depending on the population and definitions used. 3-5 Metabolic syndrome has now been recognized as a highly prevalent problem in many other countries worldwide. 6 ABSTRACT Background: Metabolic syndrome and its individual criteria pose a risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) is a well-known marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. This study was aimed to assess CIMT in patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This one year cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi from January 2016 to December 2016. A total of 100 patients diagnosed to have metabolic syndrome based on national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria were studied. All the patients were subjected to carotid B mode ultrasonography. Results: The most common age group was 51 to 60years (29%). Out of 100 individuals who were diagnosed to have metabolic syndrome, 60% had five criteria, 29% had four criteria and 3% had three criteria. Most of the of the individuals (61.00%) had normal (≤0.10cms) CIMT while high (>0.10cm) levels were noted in 39.00% of the individuals. The mean CIMT was noted as 0.13±0.16cms. The mean SBP (150.15±10.39 vs 142.98±20.09mmHg; p=0.042), DBP (94.51±6.53 vs 90.16±9.91 mmHg; p=0.017), total cholesterol levels (243.53±65.74 vs 195.95±29.8 mg/dL; p<0.001) and triglyceride levels (221.07±48.44 vs 180.85±24.74mg/dL; p <0.001) were noted in individuals with raised CIMT compared to individuals with normal CIMT. Majority of the individuals had abnormal HDL (93.00%) and 41.94% of the individuals with abnormal HDL had raised CIMT (p=0.027). Conclusions: Some individuals with metabolic syndrome are likely to have raised CIMT. The rise in CIMT among the patients with metabolic syndrome is associated with raised SBP, DBP, abnormal HDL (specifically in males), total cholesterol and triglycerides. Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Carotid intima media thickness, Metabolic syndrome Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India Received: 18 October 2018 Accepted: 14 November 2018 *Correspondence: Dr. Jayaprakash S. Appajigol, E-mail: jayaprakashappajigol@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20184765