Eur. Radiol. 1,139-144 (1991) © Springer-Verlag 1991
European
Radiology
Pediatric radiology
MRI in spinal lumbosacral dysraphism
Ph. Demaerel 1, G. Wilms 1 , C. Raaijmakers 1, C. Verpoorten 2, P. Casaer 2, C. Plets 3, and A. L. Baert 1
Departments of Radiology I, Paediatrics 2,and Neurosurgery3,University Hospitals K.U. Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
retains a role in routine screening and intraoperative im-
aging.
Introduction
The term spinal dysraphism (SD) covers congenital
spine abnormalities in which there is a disorder of midline
fusion of mesenchymal, bony and neural structures [1].
This paper is only concerned with lumbosacral SD. This
can be subdivided into spina bifida occulta (SBO) and
spina bifida aperta (SBA). These can occur as isolated
anomalies or in combination with other dysraphic states
[2-4].
The clinical features of SBO and SBA are very similar
and include back pain and/or progressive neurological de-
fect (walking difficulties, foot deformity, bladder dysfunc-
tion) [5]. In SBO, examination often reveals skin lesions in
the lumbosacral region. Treatment is surgical and should
be carried out as soon as the diagnosis is established. Early
surgery, with release of the spinal cord may prevent pro-
gressive neurological deterioration [6].
The magnetic resonance findings in 30 patients with
lumbar spinal dysraphism are presented. Surgical cor-
relation was obtained in 9 patients. The conclusion to
be drawn from the literature (in which over 200 cases
have been reported) is that MRI should be the pro-
cedure of choice when surgery is considered. Sonography
Offprint requests to: G. Wilms
Methods
Thirty patients (13 male, 17 female) aged from 4 months
to 44 years (mean age 9 years) were studied by MRI be-
tween 1987 and 1990. Plain radiographs of the spine were
obtained in all patients, and myelography was performed
in 3. The final diagnoses are listed in Table 1. Nine MR
examinations were performed a few weeks before surgery,
and 8 more than 2 years after surgery; 13 patients did not
Fig.1. Meningomyelocele: postoperative imaging [sagittal T1-
weighted image (455/15)]. Tethering of the spinal cord in scar tissue
and subcutaneous fat (arrowhead)