October 2018 · Volume 7 · Issue 10 Page 4012
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Gautam S et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Oct;7(10):4012-4015
www.ijrcog.org
pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789
Original Research Article
Retrospective analysis of stillbirth at a tertiary care hospital
Sarika Gautam*, Vandana Rani, Monika Dalal
INTRODUCTION
Stillbirth is a devastating situation for a mother as well as
for the family. It leads to psychological impact on the
family specially the couple in terms of future pregnancy
outcome and existing pregnancy treatment and
management. An obstetrician is also in dilemma to break
this bad news and counselling for these woeful couple.
The definition recommended for international reference
of stillbirth is “a baby born without signs of life at or
beyond 28 weeks.”
1
The American College of
Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (ACOG) defines
stillbirth as delivery of fetus which shows no signs of life
e.g. absence of breathing, heart beats, pulsations in
umbilical cord are absent, no voluntary movement of
muscle. The suggested requirement is to report fetal
deaths at 20 weeks or greater of gestation (if the
gestational age is known) or a weight greater than or
equal to 350 g if the gestational age is not known. The
cut-off of 350 g is the 50th percentile for weight at 20
weeks gestation.
2
The United Kingdom defines stillbirth
as fetal death at 24 or more completed weeks of
gestation.
3
The incidence of stillbirth also varies from
developed countries to developing countries, higher rate
seen in developing countries than developed countries
simultaneously the causes are also varied from
developing to developed countries. The global estimate is
18.4/1000 live birth and it varies from 2/1000 to 40/1000
ABSTRACT
Background: Stillbirth is a matter of concern for mother and family as it leads to mental trauma and requires a
supportive counselling about the cause of death, management of current pregnancy and future of next pregnancy.
Methods: Present retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital over a period of 3 years
which include 1765 females who had foetal death. Pregnancy of ≥28 week or fetal weight ≥10 00 gram were taken as
inclusion criteria.
Results: Total number of births in above said period were 32085 and number of total stillbirth reported were 1765
that is 5.5% of total birth. Maximum cases had their first pregnancy (45.3%) and of were of 20 to 25-year age group
(61.02%), and most of them were illiterate (63.96%) and belong to low socioeconomic status (95.8%). The causes for
stillbirth were divided into four groups - medical, obstetrical, placental and unexplained causes which were 6.96%,
31.38%, 14.10%, and 47.53% respectively. Management of stillbirth was done as per standard protocol for the
department and 90.9% cases had vaginal deliveries, 8.8% cases had caesarean section, and 0.16% had operative
vaginal delivery.
Conclusions: Stillbirth is a hidden component of new born health status which is often neglected when we talk about
perinatal mortality and infant mortality. Majority of case had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy followed by
antepartum haemorrhage, infection and congenital malformations.
Keywords: Antepartum haemorrhage, Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, Infection, Stillbirth
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pt. B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
Received: 16 July 2018
Accepted: 28 August 2018
*Correspondence:
Dr. Sarika Gautam,
E-mail: sarika.gautam07@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184121