Agricultural Solid Waste Management: An Approach to Protect the Environment and Increase Agricultural Productivity Faraz Ahmad Khan, Anita Tomar, Yogesh Kumar Agarwal, and Hari Om Shukla Contents Introduction ....................................................................................... 2 Components of Agricultural Solid Waste .................................................... 3 Functions of Agricultural Solid Waste Management ......................................... 5 Use of Agricultural Solid Waste .................................................................. 9 Solid State Fermentation (SSF) ............................................................... 9 Use of Algae in Agricultural Solid Waste Management ..................................... 21 Conclusion ........................................................................................ 22 References ........................................................................................ 24 Abstract India is an agricultural-based country and farmers are the backbones of our nation. But the agricultural wastes have become an increasing concern in latest years, as they may cause significant environmental problems; however, they may also be used for several valuable purposes, as to produce biofertilizers and feedstock for energy production and for chemical recovery and chemical or dye adsorption. An agricultural waste management system (AWMS) is a scientifically planned system in which all necessary components are installed and managed to control waste generation at source and use by-products of agricultural activities in such a manner that promotes environmental sustainability and enhances the quality of air, water, soil, plant, animal, and energy resources. Solid waste management in agriculture is one of the major problems we are facing today, and some of the most hazardous solid waste is generated from agriculture. The uncontrolled and excessive generation of these solid wastes has relatively high contents of potentially toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic substances and path- ogenic microorganisms. Therefore, organizations that monitor influence of agro- nomic solid waste on agricultural soils deserve the attention of the international scientific community, as it enables increases in the productivity of agricultural F. A. Khan (*) · A. Tomar · Y. K. Agarwal · H. O. Shukla Forest Research Centre for Eco-Rehabilitation, Prayagraj, UP, India © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 C. Baskar et al. (eds.), Handbook of Solid Waste Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7525-9_28-1 1