Kegan A. Chandler Unitarian Monotheism in Meiji Japan: Confucian Ethics, Syncretism, and the New Testament Kegan Chandler, M.Th., is a Ph.D. student at the University of Cape Town where he is researching monotheism in Japan. He serves as an instructor at Atlanta Bible College, and is the author of several books and articles on monotheism and Christology including Constantine and the Divine Mind (Wipf and Stock, 2019). After the United States forced the country open in 1853, Japan was progressively exposed to new religious information through contact with modern Christian denominations. In this environment, Japanese Christianity was at last able to emerge from the shadows of repression cast by the shogunate and to search in the daylight of the modern world for its own identity. What was ultimately discovered, however, and much to the dismay of the most popular denominations in the West, were expressions of the Christian faith with little to no interest in the doctrinal developments, pronouncements, and demands of ecclesiastical history. Nowhere was this more obvious than in Japanese interpretations of the Christian doctrine of God. It is well known among historians of Japan’s modernization (1868-1945) that many Japanese intellectuals rejected the Trinity, and the attendant doctrine of the deity of Christ, and embraced unitarian Christian theologies. (A unitarian theology is any which envisions God as a single person, a single self, namely the one Jesus prayed to as Father. Unitarian Christian theologies hold this single self to be ‘God the Father,’ while Jesus Christ, by necessity, is distinct from and subordinate to this God.) The Japanese Christian experience at this time has