The Bangkok Medical Journal Vol. 14, No.2; September 2018 ISSN 2287-0237 (online)/ 2287-9674 (print) 121 Review Article Lakkhana Chainok, RN, PhD Student Lakkhana Chainok, RN ; Puangpaka Kongvattananon, RN, PhD; Chomchuen Somprasert, RN, PhD Mother-Adolescent Daughter Communication about Sex: Integrative Review P remarital sex is associated with negative and positive consequences. Sex in adolescents has more negative than positive consequences. If adolescents fail to use birth control, adolescents become pregnant, which increased the rates of unintended pregnancy, as well as an increased risk of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). 1, 2 Results from previous studies reveal that most parents tend to talk with their adolescents only about certain aspects of physical and reproductive development, such as menstruation and nocturnal emissions; however, discussion about other sexually related issues is limited. According to the study, they believe that talking about these issues will encourage sexual activity. They also believe that their children are too young, and need to concentrate on their studies, therefore adolescents are expected to delay sexual involvement, and they are encouraged to wait for the ‘right time,’ or until they are mature enough. Moreover, parents’ lack of con fdence, lack o f communication skills and embarrassment are frequently cited as barriers inhibiting parents from talking openly about sexual issues with their children. 2-4 These problems of discussion about sexual matters with parents are related to risky sexual behaviors among adolescents. Traditionally in Thailand, it is considered inappropriate to discuss sexual issues openly and directly. Consequently, adolescents may not be comfortable in speaking about sex with their parents and may rely on other sources of information regarding sexuality, such as the internet, media, friends, books and magazines. Often adolescents draw misunderstandings from these sources. 5 These Abstract As sexual issues are taboo, it is considered inappropriate to discuss them directly and openly, especially communication about sex between mothers and daughters. Therefore, it is necessary to learn how communication between mothers and daughter about sexual topics can be improved to increase safe sexual behaviors. The purpose of this study is to understand the communication about sex between mothers and their adolescent daughters by conducting an integrative review of qualitative studies. An integrative review of qualitative research studies from 2000 to 2017 was undertaken. Systematic literature searches were carried out on electronic databases for journal articles and doctoral dissertations with full text focusing on mother-adolescent daughter communication about sex. Data was synthesized using thematic analysis. Seven qualitative articles were included in the synthesis, and fve recurring themes were identifed: 1) Mothers’ attitudes towards talking about sex with daughters 2) Feelings of daughters towards sexual communication with mothers 3) The frst-time mother starting to talk about sex with her daughter 4) Contents of sexual communication and 5) Successfulness of communication. Results suggest future research in developing programs to provide communication about sexual matters between mothers and their daughters effectively, including consideration of different cultures and social contexts, is necessary. Keywords : mother-daughter communication, communication about sex, integrative review Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University, Rangsit, Pathumthani Thailand * Address Correspondence to author: Lakkhana Chainok, RN Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University 99 Klong1, Khlong Neung, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand. email: lakkhana014@nurse.tu.ac.th Received: March 23, 2018 Revision received: April 20, 2018 Accepted after revision: July 6, 2018 BKK Med J 2018;14(2): 121-127. DOI: 10.31524/bkkmedj.2018.09.020 www.bangkokmedjournal.com