Environmental Research & Technology, Vol. 4 (1), pp. 63-72, 2021
Corresponding Author: naziabaec@gmail.com (Nazia Rahman)
Received 19 November 2020; Received in revised form 18 February 2021; Accepted 12 March 2021
Available Online 23 March 2021
Doi: https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.828089
© Yildiz Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department. All rights reserved.
Environmental Research & Technology
http://dergipark.gov.tr/ert
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Pre-irradiation grafting of acrylic acid and sodium styrene sulfonate on non-woven
polyethylene fabric for heavy metal removal
Nazia Rahman
1,
* , Md. Imran Biswas
2
, Mahbub Kabir
2
, Nirmal Chandra Dafader
1
, Shahnaz
Sultana
1
, Md. Nabul Sardar
1
, Farah Tasneem Ahmed
1
, Abdul Halim
1
1
Nuclear and Radiation Chemistry Division, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment,
Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, G. P. O. Box-3787, Dhaka, BANGLADESH
2
Department of Chemistry, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, BANGLADESH
ABSTRACT
In present study acrylic acid (AAc) and sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) were grafted onto non-woven polyethylene
fabric using pre-irradiation method and the grafted adsorbent is employed for Cr(III) and Pb(II) adsorption. After
irradiation of the non-woven polyethylene fabrics with 50 kGy radiation dose the grafting reaction was carried out at
80º C with monomer solution consisted of 30% AAc, 10% SSS and 4% NaCl in water. A high graft yield of 270% was
achieved. Fourier Transform Infrared, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Thermo-gravimetric Analysis were used to
analyze the adsorbent. Pb (II) and Cr (III) adsorption from synthetic aqueous solution was attempted by the grafted
adsorbent. Adsorption study was accomplished by changing the contact time, pH and initial metal ion concentration.
Contact time 48 h and initial metal concentration 1000 ppm were found optimum for all the metal ions studied. pH 6.2
and 5 was observed best for Pb (II) and Cr(III) adsorption respectively. Kinetic adsorption data fitted better with
pseudo-second-order equation than pseudo-first-order. Good correlation of experimental data with Langmuir
isotherm model suggested monolayer adsorption. Langmuir equation showed that the maximum adsorption capacity
for Pb (II) was 38.46 mg g
-1
and Cr (III) was 111.11 mg g
-1
. Experiment on desorption of metal ions and reuse of the
adsorbent depicted good results. Adsorbent also showed efficient adsorption of Cr(III) from real waste water. From all
the findings it can be expected that the AAc-SSS grafted PE fabric can successfully eliminate Cr(III) and Pb(II) from
industrial waste water.
Keywords: Heavy metal, acrylic acid, sodium styrene sulfonate, adsorption, wastewater
1. INTRODUCTION
Environmental contamination arise from discharge of
toxic heavy metals in industrial wastewater is a
severe global crisis we are experiencing these days.
Environmental purity is now a days the major concern
[1-2]. Heavy metals commonly generate from metal
mineral treating, leather tanning, metallurgical
process, glass manufacture, mining action, metal
plating, and battery production etc. [3]. Compact
structure and harmfulness made the heavy metals are
different from other metals. Another alarming matter
about heavy metal is their non- biodegradability. They
are also unaffected by bacterial breakdown. Natural
environment and human health suffer a humongous
danger due to the presence of these heavy metals in
water. Because heavy metals have tendency to form
complexes with organic matters that can be fatal at
little quantities too. Noxious nature of heavy metals,
their perseverance in environment and
bioaccumulation extremely disturbs the food
sequence [4]. After entering into the food chain heavy
metals can influence various harmful biochemical
reactions and after certain period they can also gather
inside living organisms. Therefore, eliminating heavy
metals from industrial effluent before their discharge
into water stream has given utmost priority in
different countries recently.
Harmful heavy metals that are usually inspected are
Lead, Copper, Nickel, Cadmium, Mercury and
Chromium. Among these, Lead and Chromium are the