Jemds.com Original Research Article J. Evolution Med. Dent. Sci./eISSN- 2278-4802, pISSN- 2278-4748/ Vol. 8/ Issue 08/ Feb. 25, 2019 Page 512 ROLE OF COLOUR DOPPLER IN EVALUATION OF ACUTE DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS OF LOWER LIMB Vijay Bahadur Singh 1 , Punya Pratap Singh 2 , Rajesh Malik 3 , Lovely Kaushal 4 , Vijay Verma 5 , Abhijeet Patil 6 , Anuja Patil 7 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Ratlam Medical College, Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh, India. 2 Associate Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India. 3 Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. 4 Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. 5 Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. 6 Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Vidisha Medical College, Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh, India. 7 Consultant Radiologist, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Vision Diagnostic Centre, Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh, India. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a well-recognized contributor to increased morbidity and mortality following trauma and elective musculoskeletal procedures. While ascending venography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of acute DVT, various non- invasive surveillance modalities including colour Doppler have been introduced. With the addition of colour flow, Doppler ultrasound allows improved identification of vessels by visualizing blood flow and establishes the direction of flow. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was carried out at Department of Radio Diagnosis, G.M.C., Bhopal in 100 acute DVT patients from 1/7/08 to 30/11/09. The study was carried out with GE logic 2 expert by using linear transducer of 7.5 to 10 MHz. Scan starting from iliac segment then cephalad up to iliac bifurcation and caudally up to tibial veins. RESULTS In 100 acute DVT patients, in about 94% of symptomatic patients, thrombus was seen involving veins above knee. Probe compressibility was absent in 98% patients. Colour flow was absent in 100% patients. CONCLUSION Colour Doppler is better predictor of acute DVT because it is more sensitive & specific, non-invasive, painless, widely available, easy to use, less expensive & has no radiations. KEY WORDS Acute, Colour Doppler, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Augmentation. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Singh VB, Singh PP, Malik R, et al. Role of colour Doppler in evaluation of acute deep vein thrombosis of lower limb. J. Evolution Med. Dent. Sci. 2019;8(08): 512-516, DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2019/113 BACKGROUND Acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a well-recognized contributor to increased morbidity and mortality following trauma and elective musculoskeletal procedures. Due to the inaccuracy of the bedside clinical diagnosis of acute DVT various invasive and non-invasive surveillance modalities have been developed. Ultrasound has recently gained popularity for use in the diagnosis of symptomatic acute DVT due to its low morbidity and non-invasive nature. While ascending venography remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of acute DVT, various non-invasive surveillance modalities have been introduced. These include [I125] labelled fibrinogen, impedance plethysmography, magnetic resonance venography, and ultrasonography. Ultrasound utilizes the reflections of sound waves to evaluate soft tissue structures. ‘Financial or Other Competing Interest’: None. Submission 26-12-2018, Peer Review 09-02-2019, Acceptance 16-02-2019, Published 25-02-2019. Corresponding Author: Dr. Punya Pratap Singh, Flat No. 9, 3 rd Floor, Type III Quarters, Block-B, BMC Residential Complex, Madhya Pradesh-470001, India. E-mail: drpunya@gmail.com DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2019/113 Two modes of ultrasound are used in the evaluation of acute DVT: B-mode and duplex ultrasound. This enables the visualization of venous anatomy without the use of contrast media. More recently, duplex scanning has been introduced as another modality for acute DVT diagnosis. Duplex ultrasound combines B-mode imaging with pulsed-wave Doppler technology. Doppler ultrasonography is based on the physical principles of Christian Doppler (1803-1853), who described changes in sound frequency when reflected from a moving object. Pulsed-wave Doppler can be utilized to evaluate the direction and pulsatile nature of blood flow within vessels. With the addition of colour flow, Doppler ultrasound allows improved identification of vessels by visualizing blood flow and establish the direction of flow to differentiate arteries from veins. However, its utility to enhance the identification of acute DVT in the clinical setting is still debated. No single physical finding or combination of signs and symptoms is sufficiently accurate to establish the diagnosis of acute deep vein thrombosis. The clinical diagnosis using individual tests such as the Homans sign is fraught with error. 75-84% of post-operative patients suspected of having proximal acute deep vein thrombosis on basis on classical signs and risk factors are found negative when formal diagnostic testing is completed. Acute thrombosis refers to a period of 14 days during which the vein is inflamed. Within this period thrombus can