Vol. 13 | No. 4 |2215-2222| October - December | 2020
ISSN: 0974-1496 | e-ISSN: 0976-0083 | CODEN: RJCABP
http://www.rasayanjournal.com
http://www.rasayanjournal.co.in
Rasayan J. Chem., 13(4), 2215-2222(2020)
http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/ RJC.2020.1345818
EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT
ACTIVITIES OF XANTHONE ISOLATED
FROM Orophea corymbosa LEAF
H. P. C. A. Cane
1
, N. Saidi
2
, M. Mustanir
2
, D. Darusman
3
, R. Idroes
2,4
and M. Musman
5,*
1
Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Graduate Program/Universitas Syiah
Kuala, Banda Aceh-23111, (Aceh) Indonesia
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science/Universitas Syiah
Kuala, Banda Aceh-23111, (Aceh) Indonesia
3
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture/Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh-
23111, (Aceh) Indonesia
4
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science/Universitas Syiah Kuala,
Banda Aceh-23111, (Aceh) Indonesia
5
Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training/Universitas
Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh-23111, (Aceh) Indonesia
*E-mail: musrimusman@unsyiah.ac.id
ABSTRACT
The pharmacological properties (antibacterial and antioxidant) of the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves of Orophea
corymbosa Blume Miq. the plant was evaluated and continued for obtaining bioactive compounds through the isolation
process. A pure isolate from ethyl acetate extract was analyzed of structure compound using NMR Spectra, FTIR,
UV-Vis, and MS (GCMS). An isolated compound was considered to be xanthone derived compound, namely 1-
hydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone. Its activities against Gram-negative and positive bacteria were examined with
bioindicator Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, respectively, where the results
were then compared to cephazolin; and antioxidant activity with indicator free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) compared to ascorbic acid. The xanthone compound has good activity as antibacterial and antioxidant. The
plant has administrated the potential for handling bacteria and free radicals in this study.
Keywords: Annonaceae, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Xanthone.
© RASĀYAN. All rights reserved
INTRODUCTION
The application of natural products as medical objects is still in high demand. The natural product is a
favorable choice with fewer side effects, safer,
1
easy to find, and green chemistry.
2
The discovery of natural
products, especially in a tropical and subtropical country, can be simply found in plants. The plants were
widely reported to have medicinal property from their metabolites,
3
which are produced by plant
4
or
endophytic bacteria
5
as self-defense against pathogens.
6,7
The metabolites have a lot of medical activities
as an antibacterial,
8
antioxidant,
9
antimicrobial,
10
antifungal,
11
wound healing,
12
and antibiofilm
13
agents.
The use of plant parts such as a leaf,
14
roots,
15
and even fruit
16
has been traditionally done by indigenous
peoples since long time ago. Furthermore, to obtain the metabolite can be simply done by extraction
17
.
The Annonaceae family is widespread in diverse habitats (forests, shrubs and grasslands) in both tropical
and subtropical areas and is abundant in rainforest areas around the world.
18
Many genera from the family
were found to have medicinal properties against ulcers, fever, infection, abdominal pains, bronchitis,
asthma and wounds.
19
Moreover, they also have pharmacological activities like antifungal, antibacterial,
antimalarial, antioxidant and anticancer agents.
20,21
Bioactive compounds from plants (i.e xanthone) play
an important role in terms of medicine.
22,23
Xanthone compounds are compounds with a three-ring