Research Article In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition Potentials and Antioxidant Activity of Synthetic Flavone Derivatives Mohammad Shoaib, 1 Syed Wadood Ali Shah, 1 Niaz Ali, 2 Ismail Shah, 1 Muhammad Naveed Umar, 3 Shafiullah, 1 Muhammad Ayaz, 1 Muhammad Nawaz Tahir, 4 and Sohail Akhtar 5 1 Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18550, Pakistan 2 Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25000, Pakistan 3 Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18550, Pakistan 4 Department of Physics, University of Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan 5 Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18550, Pakistan Correspondence should be addressed to Syed Wadood Ali Shah; pharmacistsyed@gmail.com Received 8 March 2015; Accepted 23 April 2015 Academic Editor: Dimitris P. Makris Copyright © 2015 Mohammad Shoaib et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Free radicals are produced by an important chemical process known as oxidation that in turn initiates chain reactions to damage the cells and originate oxidative stress. Flavones have got special position in research feld of natural and synthetic organic chemistry due to their biological capabilities as antioxidant. Te antioxidants are known to possess extensive biological efects that include antiviral, antibacterial, anti-infammatory, antithrombotic, and vasodilatory activities. Te simple favone (F1) and substituted favone derivatives (F2–F5) have been synthesized from o-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde derivatives in good yield. Te structures have been established by diferent spectroscopic techniques like 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, IR, and elemental analysis. Antioxidant profle of these compounds was established using DPPH and H 2 O 2 free radical scavenging assay. Te fndings showed that halogenated favones showed more enzyme inhibitions and antioxidant activities than simple favones and are potential candidates for the treatment of wide range of diseases. 1. Introduction Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the free radicals like superoxide, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, hydroperoxyl, and peroxyl are produced during normal metabolism in humans [1]. Free radicals are produced by an important chemical process known as oxidation that in turn initiates chain reactions to damage the cells and originate oxidative stress. Tis process leads to the development of diferent disorders like Alzheimer’s disease [2, 3], Parkinson’s disease [4], the pathologies caused by diabetes [5, 6], rheumatoid arthri- tis [7], and neurodegeneration in motor neuron [8]. Te antioxidants have been used specifcally as to stop the chain reactions by the removal of free radical intermediates and slow down other oxidation processes by oxidizing themselves and act as reducing agents like polyphenols or ascorbic acid [9]. Naturally, a complex system of enzymes and antioxidant metabolites work in coordination to stop oxidative damage to the cellular components like proteins, DNA, and lipids by preventing the formation or removal of these reactive species before damaging the important components of the cells [10, 11]. Lipoxygenases (LOX) are the members of a class of nonheme iron containing dioxygenases that catalyze the frst step in the arachidonic acid cascade that lead to forma- tion of lipoxins and leukotrienes involved in the variety of infammatory responses [12]. Alzheimer’s disease is the common reason of mental illness (dementia) that shows a progressive loss of cholinergic synapses in the brain regions. Mostly, a decreased level of neurotransmitter acetylcholine Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Chemistry Volume 2015, Article ID 516878, 7 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/516878