J Glob Optim (2006) 36:565–580 DOI 10.1007/s10898-006-9027-y ORIGINAL ARTICLE The semismooth-related properties of a merit function and a descent method for the nonlinear complementarity problem Jein-Shan Chen Received: 13 March 2006 / Accepted: 20 March 2006 / Published online: 14 June 2006 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006 Abstract This paper is a follow-up of the work [Chen, J.-S.: J. Optimiz. Theory Appl., Submitted for publication (2004)] where an NCP-function and a descent method were proposed for the nonlinear complementarity problem. An unconstrained reformula- tion was formulated due to a merit function based on the proposed NCP-function. We continue to explore properties of the merit function in this paper. In particular, we show that the gradient of the merit function is globally Lipschitz continuous which is important from computational aspect. Moreover, we show that the merit function is SC 1 function which means it is continuously differentiable and its gradient is semi- smooth. On the other hand, we provide an alternative proof, which uses the new properties of the merit function, for the convergence result of the descent method considered in [Chen, J.-S.: J. Optimiz. Theory Appl., Submitted for publication (2004)]. Keywords Complementarity · SC 1 function · Merit function · Semismooth function · Descent method 1 Introduction In the past decades, the well-known nonlinear complementarity problem (NCP) has attracted much attention due to its various applications in operations research, eco- nomics, and engineering [6, 11, 17]. The NCP is to find a point x IR n such that x 0, F (x) 0, x, F (x)= 0, (1) where ·, · is the Euclidean inner product and F = (F 1 , F 2 , ... , F n ) T maps from IR n to IR n . We assume that F is continuously differentiable throughout this paper. There have been many methods proposed for solving the NCP [9, 11, 17]. Among which, one of the most popular approaches that has been studied intensively recently J.-S. Chen (B ) Department of Mathematics National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 11677, Taiwan e-mail: jschen@math.ntnu.edu.tw