Algebra univers. 46 (2001) 97 – 103
0002–5240/01/020097 – 07 $ 1.50 + 0.20/0
© Birkh¨ auser Verlag, Basel, 2001
Decidability of finite quasivarieties generated by certain
transformation semigroups
M. V. Volkov
Dedicated to the memory of Victor Aleksandrovich Gorbunov
Introduction
Recall that a semigroup pseudovariety is a class of finite semigroups closed under the
operators H (taking homomorphic images), S (taking subsemigroups), and P
fin
(forming
finitary direct products). The notion of a pseudovariety is rather natural per se but it has got
a strong additional motivation coming from some recent developments in finite automata
and formal languages [6, 11, 2].
It is clear from the very definition that the notion of a pseudovariety is closely related to
the classical notion of a variety. However, unlike varieties, not every semigroup pseudovar-
iety is defined by a set of identities, and any of syntactic characterizations of pseudovarieties
(cf. [7, 12, 17] for various approaches) is inevitably more complicated than that of varieties.
By a finite quasivariety of semigroups we understand a class of finite semigroups closed
under the operators S and P
fin
. Such classes of finite semigroups were first considered by
C. J. Ash [3] who called them pseudo-quasivarieties; the term “finite quasivariety”, though
not perfect from the logical point of view, reflects the fact that, in a strong contrast to the
varietal case, finite quasivarieties are indeed so to speak finite traces of “infinite” (that is,
usual) quasivarieties. Thus, every finite quasivariety (in particular, every pseudovariety!)
can be defined within the class of all finite semigroups by a suitable set of quasi-identities.
These important properties of finite quasivarieties first observed by V. A. Gorbunov [9,
Corollary 2.9] have given a strong impetus to studying the latter from the pseudovariety
standpoint; see [15, 16] as examples of such studies. In the present note, we also “project
onto finite quasivarieties” a problem which plays a distinguished role in the theory of semi-
group pseudovarieties.
Given a class C of finite semigroups, the least pseudovariety containing C is known to
be equal to HSP
fin
(C ). Many famous open questions about formal languages and finite
Presented by Professors Kira Adaricheva and Wieslaw Dziobiak.
Received January 2, 2000; accepted in final form August 28, 2000.
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 08C15, 20M20.
Key words: Pseudovariety, quasivariety, transformation semigroup, pseudovariety membership problem,
quasivariety membership problem, algorithmic decidability.
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