(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 9, No. 4, 2018 165 | Page www.ijacsa.thesai.org Design and Simulation of a Rectangular E-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for RFID based Intelligent Transportation Asif Ali Postgraduate student in Department of Telecommunication Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro, Pakistan Nasrullah Pirzada Assistant Professor in Department of Telecommunication Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro, Pakistan Muhammad Moazzam Jawaid Assistant Professor in Department of Computer System Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro, Pakistan Sajjad Ali Memon Assistant Professor in Department of Telecommunication Engineering Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro, Pakistan Abstract—A low profile, rectangular E-shaped microstrip patch antenna is designed and proposed for radio-frequency identification (RFID) based intelligent transportation system (ITS) in this paper. The proposed antenna design aims to achieve high gain and low return loss at 0.96 GHz as it is suitable for ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID tags. The proposed antenna composed of a radiating patch on one side of the dielectric substrate and the ground plane on the other side, copper is used to produce the main radiator. The simulation of the proposed antenna is performed employing the high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS). The dielectric substrate used for the suggested antenna is an FR4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.3 and height 1.5 mm. The performance of the proposed antenna is measured in terms of gain, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), radiation pattern and the bandwidth. The antenna gain and the return loss of the suggested antenna at 0.96 GHz are 7.3 dB and -12.43 dB, respectively. Keywords—E-shaped microstrip patch antenna; antenna gain; return loss; voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR); high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) I. INTRODUCTION Presently, public transportation systems are an essential element of human lives. And it is a known fact that every year thousands of human lives are lost in the road accidents. However, road accidents can be mitigated by controlling the transportation systems intelligently using the technology, as every year millions of new vehicles hit the roads. Only in 2016, 77.31 million cars have been sold and this number has increased in 2017 by 1.28 million and counting [1]. Therefore, it is getting difficult to handle the transportation traffic using manual management systems. Thanks to the intelligent transportation systems (ITS), which proffer effectual solution for many transportation troubles as contrasted to the traditional solutions [2]. Electronic toll collection (ETC) systems are an excellent illustration of ITS applications that are employed right through the world and also brings significant advantages to the toll road users and the people at large, as contrasted to the conventional collection system for instance stop and pay at manned toll booths [3]. These ETC systems use ultra-high frequency (UHF) and radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology due to their fast reading and low-cost features. However, the effectiveness of this technology depends on the passive RFID tag reading by RFID reader antenna [4], [5]. The microstrip patch antenna is able to utilize thick substrates to meet the bandwidth demands of many potential applications [6]. We designed the E-shaped microstrip patch to evade impedance mismatches when our antenna placed at toll collection booth for reading the RFID tag [7]. Avoiding impedance mismatches direct the antenna radiate power along it's in a vehicle direction. At the higher frequency, the wide radiation beam has generated the superposition of the radiated signal and oppositely placed element on other side direction. The wide beam width is more suitable for some particular applications [8]. The organization of paper as follows: Section 2 discusses the existing work related to the antenna design for intelligent transport system based on RFID. Antenna designing configuration elaborated in Section 3. Section 4 defines the results analysis and discussion. At last, Section 5 concludes and recommends some future work. II. RELATED WORK The developing of transportation industry prompts to the traffic congestion and insist on proficient intelligent transportation. The intelligent transportation system is one the best solution to alleviate these problems from the society. ITS can be portrayed as an advanced system of computing, telecommunication industry advances the security, viable