44 Analytical and Quantitative Cytopathology and Histopathology ® 0884-6812/21/4302-0044/$18.00/0 © Science Printers and Publishers, Inc. Analytical and Quantitative Cytopathology and Histopathology ® OBJECTIVE: Many high-grade serous ovarian carcino- mas are thought to originate from fallopian tube epithe- lium. Karyometry detects chromatin abnormalities at the nuclear level using high-resolution computer imaging analyses. This study hypothesizes that karyometry can detect nuclear abnormalities of fallopian tube epithelium in women at high risk as compared to low risk for ovarian cancer. STUDY DESIGN: Fallopian tube tissue from 8 women carrying BRCA1 or BRCA2 alterations (high risk) and 7 women at normal risk were obtained from the tissue bank at NorthShore University HealthSystem. Tissues were fxed, paraffn embedded, sectioned, and stained, followed by high-resolution imaging and karyometric analysis. RESULTS: The distribution of nuclear features and nuclear signatures in tubes from women at high risk showed a distinct deviation from that of normal risk cases. The two most segregating features in the discrim- inant function scores (pixel optical density heterogeneity Karyometry Identifes a Distinguishing Fallopian Tube Epithelium Phenotype in Subjects at High Risk for Ovarian Cancer Samantha J. Russell, M.D., Gustavo C. Rodriguez, M.D., Michael Yozwiak, M.S., Charmi Patel, M.D., Melody Maarouf, M.D., Hubert G. Bartels, M.S.I.E., Jennifer K. Barton, Ph.D., Ahyoung Amy Kim, M.S., Swetha Atluri, B.S., Peter H. Bartels, Ph.D., M.D.(hon), † Hao Helen Zhang, Ph.D., and David S. Alberts, M.D. From the Departments of Medicine, Pathology, Biomedical Engineering, Statistics and Data Science, Optical Sciences, Mathematics, Pharmacology, Public Health, and Nutritional Sciences, the Cancer Center, and the College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Samantha J. Russell is Internal Medicine Resident, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona. Gustavo C. Rodriguez is Clinical Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, and Asso- ciate Clinical Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago. Michael Yozwiak is Principal Research Specialist, University of Arizona Cancer Center. Charmi Patel is Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, University of Arizona. Melody Maarouf is Internal Medicine Resident, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona. Hubert Bartels is Senior Systems Programmer, University of Arizona Cancer Center. Jennifer K. Barton is Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona. Ahyoung Amy Kim is Ph.D. Candidate, Statistics Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, Statistics and Data Science, University of Arizona. Sri Saii Atluri is Medical Student, University of Arizona College of Medicine. Peter H. Bartels was Professor Emeritus, Departments of Optical Sciences and of Pathology, University of Arizona. Hao Helen Zhang is Professor, Department of Mathematics, University of Arizona. David S. Alberts is Professor, Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, Public Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona. This research was supported in part by a grant from the National Cancer Institute (Arizona Cancer Center Support Grant CA023074), Bethesda, Maryland. The authors also gratefully acknowledge support from Humberto and Czarina Lopez, Tucson, Arizona, The Jim Click Family Foundation, Tucson, Arizona, and the J. Russell Skelton Family, Phoenix, Arizona. Address correspondence to: Hao Helen Zhang, Ph.D., ENR2 S323, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210089, Tucson, AZ 85721-0089 (hzhang@math.arizona.edu). Financial Disclosure: Drs. P. H. Bartels and Alberts own U.S. patents related to premalignant lesions and karyometry.