Volume 3(2) August 2020, Journal of Community Empowerment for Health 141
Respatika et al. COVID-19 eye infection
Vol 3 (2) 2020, 141-146 | Review
DOI: 10.22146/jcoemph.57095
1. Introducton
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) infecton have been reported worldwide,
since the frst case was identfed in December 2019,
in Wuhan, China. The novel coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) has now spread over the countries and
has become a global pandemic. The situaton reports
– 14 from WHO was mentoned that, up untl 14
th
June 2020, 7,690,708 cases were reported globally,
where most cases (3,711,768) were situated in the
Americas.
1
Coronavirus has an incubaton period
of 2 to 14 days and usually has mild to moderate
severity, with fever as its most common symptoms,
followed by dry cough, and fatgue.
2, 3
COVID-19 can
cause many complicatons, such as acute respiratory
distress, shock, and arrhythmia.
3
In January 2020, an ophthalmologist in China
was infected with coronavirus that transferred
from an asymptomatc glaucoma patent.
3
It shows
the possibility of potental transmission through
droplets, aerosolized material, and tears. Some
reports also have mentoned that the SARS-CoV-2
was detected in tears and conjunctval secreton.
However, the transmission of COVID-19 through
tears remains controversial.
4
Ophthalmologists may
be infected either through droplets or direct contact
with the patents. The other possible transmission
was through aerosol contact. Thus health care
workers should do proper infecton control measures
to minimize exposure and cross-contaminaton.
3
The
comprehensive facts about SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology
and characteristcs are necessary for ophthalmologist
to understand the outbreak.
5
By beter understanding
of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, hopefully, we
could gain beter insights on facing this pandemic.
2. Method
A thorough and in-depth exploraton through PubMed
and Scopus databases for publicatons on COVID-19
manifestaton in ophthalmology from January 2020
to June 2020 was conducted by 2 authors (DR, ITM).
COVID-19 eye infection: Recommendations for ophthalmologist
and patients
Datu Respatika,
1,2*
Indra Tri Mahayana,
1,2
Dwi Puspita,
3
Guiddo Ilyasa,
3
Agus Supartoto
1,2
1
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia
2
Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3
Ophthalmology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia
SUBMITTED: 20 June 2020 REVISED: 30 July 2020 ACCEPTED: 30 July 2020
ABSTRACT Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a public health emergency of international
concern as declared by the World Health Organization on 30 January 2020. Currently, COVID-19
is spreading rapidly worldwide, with no proven treatment nor vaccination, thus infection
control measures are paramount. The severity of the majority of COVID-19 cases is mild to
moderate, with fever as its most common symptoms, followed by dry cough and fatigue.
COVID-19 initially reported to be transmitted from bats but then evolved into human-to-human
via droplets. Coronavirus has been detected in tears and conjunctival secretions, but there is
still a controversy about whether the virus can be transmitted through tears. However, the
ocular transmission might be transported through a lacrimal duct to nasopharyngeal mucosa
and then cause an infection. Because the nature of close contact in doctor-patient interaction
during ophthalmologic practice, strict measures must be taken to minimize the impact both on
the patients and health care workers.
© The Journal 2020. This article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license.
KEYWORDS
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Ocular
Transmission
Ophthalmologist
*Correspondence: datu.respatika@ugm.ac.id
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public
Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,
Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia