Research Article
Effects of Aqueous and Methanolic Extracts of Stem Bark of
Alstonia boonei De Wild. (Apocynaceae) on Dextran Sodium
Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Wistar Rats
Carine Flore Adjouzem,
1
Ateufack Gilbert ,
1
Marius Mbiantcha ,
1
William Yousseu Nana,
1
Vanessa Matah Marthe Mba,
1
Stephanie Flore Djuichou Nguemnang,
1
Eric Gonzal Tsafack,
1
and Albert Donatien Atsamo
2
1
Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science,
University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
2
Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaound´ e I, P.O. Box 812, Yaound´ e, Cameroon
CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoAteufackGilbert;ateufack2000@yahoo.fr
Received 13 December 2019; Revised 4 March 2020; Accepted 15 May 2020; Published 30 May 2020
AcademicEditor:MariaCamillaBergonzi
Copyright©2020CarineFloreAdjouzemetal.isisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Among the most exploited species in Cameroon, Alstonia boonei is widely used in African medicine for the relief of several
pathologiesincludinggastrointestinaldisorders.isstudywasconductedinordertoassesstheeffectsofaqueousandmethanol
stem-barkextractsof Alstonia boonei onDSS-(dextransodiumsulfate-)inducedintestinalcolitisandtodetermineitsantioxidant
potential.eclassesofsecondarymetabolitespresentintheseextractsweredeterminedbychemicalscreening.eproductionof
TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β,andPGE2wasperformedby in vitro ELISA analysis. Anticolitis effects were determined using an in vivo
modelofulcerativecolitisinducedbyDSS.ecolitiswasinducedwithadoubledoseofDSS(3%and1%),andtheaqueousand
methanol extracts were administered orally from the 6
th
day after commencement of induction. e phytochemical screening
revealed the presence of six classes of secondary metabolites in these crude extracts: tannins, saponins, alkaloids, steroids,
flavonoids,andphenols.Methanolandaqueousextractsof Alstonia boonei significantly(P < 0.001)inhibitedTNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β,
andPGE2productionstimulatedbyLPS.Bothextractsatalldosessignificantlyreduced(P < 0.01, P < 0.001)thesignsofDSS-
inducedcolitisintheWistarratsbydecreasinginflammationandchroniccolondamage.Inaddition,theextractssignificantly
(P < 0.001) reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in the colon and significantly (P < 0.01) increased superoxide
dismutase and catalase and reduced glutathione (P < 0.05). Both extracts showed greater activity than the reference substance
(prednisolone4mg/kg)usedinthisstudy.isstudyhasdemonstratedthataqueousandmethanolextractsof Alstonia boonei
stem bark have healing properties against colitis experimentally induced by DSS in rats.
1. Introduction
Ulcerative colitis (UC), which is essentially confined to the
colon and rectum, is an inflammatory bowel disease that
causes noncontrolled inflammation of the bowel with dis-
ruption of the gastrointestinal tract [1–3]. In sufferers, this
pathology is characterized by the appearance of symptoms
such as diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal cramps, and
mucousulcerscausingarecurrenceofbloodinthestool[4].
Genetic susceptibility, imbalance between the immune 1
systemandgutmicrobes,theenvironment,and/ormicrobes
areimportantfactorsthatjustifyitspathogenicity[5–7].In
addition,severalproinflammatorymediatorslikecytokines,
eicosanoids, and ROS (reactive oxygen species) [8] play a
majorroleinitsdevelopmentanditsevolution.According
toLih-Brodyetal.[9],ulcerativecolitisisadiseaseusually
Hindawi
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Volume 2020, Article ID 4918453, 15 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4918453