The Lichenologist 38(5): 407–410 (2006)  2006 The British Lichen Society doi:10.1017/S0024282906005986 Printed in the United Kingdom A new Bacidia with long-necked pycnidia from Central Europe Pawel CZARNOTA and Brian J. COPPINS Abstract: Bacidia pycnidiata sp. nov. (Ramalinaceae) is described from Poland and the Czech Republic. It is the first species within Bacidia s. lat., referable to the Bacidina group, known to have sessile, long-necked, lageniform pycnidia bearing straight macroconidia. It has been found growing on saxicolous as well as on corticolous bryophytes and directly on bark of deciduous trees within young, hardly changed woodlands or in the vicinity of human settlements. Key words: Bacidina, Ramalinaceae, straight macroconidia, Central Europe Introduction During surveys for lichens in southern Poland and a few neighbouring countries, the first author made three collections of a curious crustose species with white, sessile, long-necked, lageniform pycnidia. This species also has apothecia, whose characters place it in Bacidia s. lat. In having a finely granular thallus, a paraplectenchymatous outer exciple, narrowly acicular ascospores and filiform conidia, the species is referable to the group sometimes (e.g. Ekman 1996) treated in the segregate genus Bacidina Ve ˇzda (1990). Indeed our new species agrees with Bacidia phacodes Körb., the type of Bacidina, in having straight, rather than the strongly curved or hamate conidia found in most other species of the group. However, doubts have been expressed concerning the circumscription and nomenclature of this group, and as to whether or not it is mono- phyletic (Ekman 2001). Owing to these uncertainties, we follow some other recent treatments (e.g. Coppins & van den Boom 2002; Sparrius & Aptroot 2003) and describe our new species in Bacidia s. lat. The Species Bacidia pycnidiata Czarnota & Coppins sp. nov. Bacidiae delicatae (Larbal. ex Leight.) Coppins similis sed pycnidiis sessilibus lageniformibus, collo ostiolare 120–200 m elato, instructis et conidiis plus minusve rectis. Typus: Czech Republic, Eastern Sudetes, Rychlebské hory Mts, W of Bila Voda village, vicinity of worked-out quarry of marble ‘Kukac ˇka’ near the border of Poland, 50(26#18$N, 16(53#14$E, alt. c. 360 m, on bryo- phytes over marble rock within mixed spruce-ash forest, 23 April 2004, P. Czarnota 4157 (GPN—holotypus; E, UGDA—isotypi). (Fig. 1) Thallus greyish green, finely granular, sometimes slightly coralloid; granules (goniocysts) 20–30 m diam., composed of a few chlorococcoid algae, surrounded by a hyaline amorphous gel-layer; hyphae hyaline throughout, 1–1·5 m wide, apressoria present; algal cells mostly globose, 7–10 (–13) m diam. or ellipsoid, 8–10(–12)  5–8 m diam. Apothecia numerous or a few, mostly simple, pale, whitish cream, flesh-coloured, pale brownish, or rarely straw or orange- brown when older, at first constricted at the base with a shallow or slightly concave disc and a thick, concolorous or sometimes slightly brownish margin; older apothecia convex or hemispherical with a thin, usually P. Czarnota: Scientific Laboratory of the Gorce National Park, Pore ¸ba Wielka 590, 34–735 Niedz ´wiedz ´, Poland. B. J. Coppins: Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK.